The Department of Internal Medicine is the largest department at Aga Khan University. Our Department is comprised of multiple sub-specialties with diverse faculty trained both locally and internationally. Our faculty, residents and staff at Aga Khan University, Nairobi are committed to ensuring top-notch patient-centered health care and patient safety, excellence in education and dedication to cutting-edge research.

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Books from 2023

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Critical Care and COVID-19, Salim Surani, Syed Anjum Khan, and Reena Shah

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Neuroimaging findings in DYT1 dystonia and the pathophysiological implication: A systematic review, Funmilola T. Taiwo and Philip Adebayo

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FUNCTIONAL STATUS AMONG PATIENTS WITH ESTABLISHED COPD ATTENDING TERTIARY HOSPITALS IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA, PETER M. TUMBO

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The efficacy of maternal health education and maternal screening on knowledge and the uptake of infant screening for sickle cell disease in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania; a quasi experimental study., Hilda J. Tutuba, Agnes Jonathan, William Lloyd, Upendo Masamu, Emanuela Marco, Julie Makani, Paschal Ruggajo, Benson R. Kidenya, Irene K. Minja, and Emmanuel Balandya

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High acceptability, convenience and reduced carbon emissions of tele-neurology outpatient services at a regional referral centre in Kenya, Fazal Yakub, Jasmit Shah, and Dilraj Sokhi

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Disease-modifying therapies enter the World Health Organization Essential Medicines List: A victory now requiring a roadmap of implementation, Bassem I. Yamout, Shanthi Viswanathan, Joanna Laurson-Doube, and Dilraj Sokhi

Submissions from 2022

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Developing a Model for Predicting Lung Cancer Using Variational Quantum-Classical Algorithm: A Survey, Philip Adebayo, Frederick Basaky, and Edgar Osaghae

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Determinants of metabolic syndrome and its prognostic implications among stroke patients in Africa: Findings from the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) study, Abiodun M. Adeoye, Adeseye A. Akintunde, Joshua Akinyemi, Adekunle G. Fakunle, Fred S. Sarfo, Albert Akpalu, Kolawole Wahab, Reginald Obiako, Morenikeji Komolafe, Lukman Owolabi, Godwin O. Osaigbovo, and Philip Adebayo

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Cardiovascular risk factors and markers of myocardial injury and inflammation in people living with HIV in Nairobi, Kenya: a pilot cross-sectional study, Hassan Adan Ahmed, Jeilan Mohamed, Isaiah G. Akuku, Kuan Ken Lee, Shirjel R. Alam, Pablo Perel, Jasmit Shah, Mohammed K. Ali, Sherry Eskander, and Michael H. Chung

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Frequency & factors associated with recurrent stroke in Ghana and Nigeria, Albert Akpalu, Fred S. Sarfo, Joshua Akinyemi, Kolawole Wahab, Morenikeji Komolafe, Reginald Obiako, Lukman Owolabi, Godwin O. Osaigbovo, Godwin Ogbole, and Philip Adebayo

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Effect of care environment on educational attainment among orphaned and separated children and adolescents in Western Kenya, Dorothy Apedaile, Allison DeLong, Edwin Sang, David Ayuku, Lukoye Atwoli, Omar Galárraga, and Paula Braitstein

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Medical education and population health—A framework in the design of a new undergraduate program, Robert Armstrong, Michaela Mantel, Gijs Walraven, Lukoye Atwoli, and Anthony Ngugi

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Mental health and climate change in Africa, Lukoye Atwoli, Joy Muhia, and Zul Merali

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Utilization of Palliative Care Services in Patients with COVID-19 Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya, Linda Barasa, Jasmit Shah, Ikambili Kihoro, Reena Shah, and Sayed Karar

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A Case Report of Concurrent Cryptococcal and Tuberculous Meningitis in an Immunosuppressed Renal Transplant Patient, Linda Barasa, Ahmed Sokwala, Felix Riunga, and Dilraj Sokhi

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Cross-country variations in the reporting of psychotic symptoms among sub-Saharan African adults: A psychometric evaluation of the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire, Mary Bitta, Yanga Thungana, Hannah H. Kim, Christy A. Denckla, Amantia Ametaj, Mahlet Yared, Claire Kwagala, Linnet Ongeri, Rocky E. Stroud, and Lukoye Atwoli

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Developing a sustainable cardiovascular disease research strategy in Tanzania through training: Leveraging from the East African centre of excellence in cardiovascular sciences project., Pilly Chillo, Frediricki Mashil, Gideon Kwesigabo, Paschal Ruggajo, and Appolinary Rugemalira Kamuhabwa

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Prevalence of Epilepsy, Human Cysticercosis, and Porcine Cysticercosis in Western Kenya, Monica Diaz, Dilraj Sokhi, John Noh, Anthony Ngugi, and et al

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Discrimination and abuse amongst health care workers in a tertiary hospital in Kenya, Farah Alnoor Ebrahim

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Unusual Presentation of Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome, Farah Ebrahim, George Moturi, Newnex Mongare, and Reena Shah

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Are Nonfatal Suicide Attempts Instrumental in Achieving Personal and Interpersonal Goals?, Mehmet Eskin, Nazli Baydar, Murad Khan, Mayssah El-Nayal, Motasem Hamdan, Fadia Al Buhairan, Anwar Mechri, Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek, Mohsen Rezaeian, and Nargis Asad

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The Reality of Inadequate Patient Care and the Need for a Global Action Framework in Organ Donation and Transplantation, Beatriz Domínguez -Gil, Nancy L. Ascher, Riadh A.S. Fadhil, Elmi Muller, Marcelo Cantarovich, Curie Ahn, Marina Berenguer, Mirela Bušić, Hiroto Egawa, and Ahmed Twahir

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Prevalence & factors associated with acute kidney injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention at a tertiary healthcare facility in Tanzania, Faisal Hooda

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The Maritime Silk Road: case report of Neuro-Behçet’s disease from Somalia with positive HLA-B51 haplotype, Alok Iyer, Fred Otieno, and Dilraj Sokhi

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The burden and characteristics of HIV-infected COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care hospital in sub-Saharan Africa—A retrospective cohort study, Alok Iyer, Jasmit Shah, and Reena Shah

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Factor structure and item response of psychosis symptoms among Kenyan adults, Florence Jaguga, Amantia Ametaj, Hannah H. Kim, Rocky E. Stroud, Charles R. Newton, Symon M. Kariuki, Edith Kamaru Kwobah, Lukoye Atwoli, Bizu Gelaye, and Kristina J. Korte

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Harmful Alcohol Use Among Healthcare Workers at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya, Florence Jaguga, Edith Kamaru Kwobah, Ann Mwangi, Kirtika Patel, Thomas Mwogi, Robert Kiptoo, and Lukoye Atwoli

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Healthcare Workers’ knowledge and resource availability for care of Sickle Cell Disease in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Agnes Jonathan, Hilda Tutuba, William Lloyd, Joyce Ndunguru, Julie Makani, Paschal Ruggajo, Irene Minja, and Emmanuel Balandya

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COVID-19: Searching for a Little Hope in Adversity - The Sub-Saharan Experience, Sayed Karar

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Mental health disorders among post graduate residents in Kenya during the COVID-19 pandemic, Sayed Karar, Jasmit Shah, Katie Du, Nidhi Leekha, and Zohray Talib

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Intracardiac Thrombus in Coronavirus Disease-2019, Suganya Karikalan, Munish Sharma, Megha Chandna, Manju Sachdev, Ajay Gaalla, Farah Yasmin, Reena Shah, and Iqbal Ratnani

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Severe Crohn’s Disease With Intra-abdominal Fistula: First Reported Case From Tanzania, Nadeem Kassam, Omar Aziz, Eric Aghan, Melchisedeck Mandwa, Caroline Ngimba, Hanifa Mbithe, Salim Surani, and Casmir Wambura

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Outcomes of Surgical Tracheostomy on Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Private Tertiary Hospital in Tanzania, Nadeem Kassam, Ally Zain, Sajida Panjwani, Salim Surani, Omar M. Azi, Kamran Hameed, Samina Somji, Hanifa Mbithe, Fatma Bakshi, Bonventura Mtega, Gloria Kinasa, Mariam Msimbe, Blessing Mathew, Eric Aghan, Harrison Chuwa, and Christopher Mwansasu

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Exploring the experiences of clients receiving opioid use disorder treatment at a methadone clinic in Kenya: a qualitative study, Sarah Kiburi, Jackline Mwangi, and Geoffrey Maina

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The effects of sickle cell disease on the quality of life: a focus on the untold experiences of parents in Tanzania., Manase Kilonzi, Dorkasi L. Mwakawanga, Fatuma Felix Felician, Hamu J. Mlyuka, Lulu Chirande, David T. Myemba, Godfrey Sambayi, Ritah F. Mutagonda, Wigilya P. Mikomangwa, and Paschal Ruggajo

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Intestinal Tuberculosis Presenting with Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patient on Warfarin Therapy, Pascal Kuka, Joe Rakiro, Joseph Gatheru, and Felix Riunga

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Clinical Characteristics of Peripheral Neuropathy in Kenyan Patients with HIV Infection Compared with Patients with Concurrent HIV Infection and Diabetes Mellitus, Pascal Kuka, Jasmit Shah, Uazman Alam, Reena Shah, and Dilraj Sokhi

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What should equity in global health research look like?, Manasi Kumar, Lukoye Atwoli, Rochelle A. Burgess, Naoufel Gaddour, Keng Yen Huang, Lola Kola, Emily Mendenhall, Cyrus Mugo, Byamah B. Mutamba, and Noeline Nakasujja

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Traumatic experiences assessed with the life events checklist for Kenyan adults, Edith Kamaru Kwobah, Supriya Misra, Amantia A. Ametaj, Anne Stevenson, Rocky E. Stroud, Karestan C. Koenen, Bizu Gelaye, Symon M. Kariuki, Charles R. Newton, and Lukoye Atwoli

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Prevalence of Hemoglobin-S and Baseline Level of Knowledge on Sickle Cell Disease Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania, Fredrick Luoga, Agnes Jonathan, Hilda J. Tutuba, Emanuela Marco, Joyce Ndunguru, Benson R. Kidenya, Julie Makani, Paschal Ruggajo, Irene K. Minja, and Emmanuel Balandya

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Seroprevalence, correlates and kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid IgG antibody in healthcare workers at a tertiary hospital: a prevaccine census study, Daniel Maina, Geoffrey Omuse, George Ong'ete, Patrick Mugaine, Shahin Sayed, Zahir Moloo, Reena Shah, Anthony Etyang, and Rodney Adam

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Increasing diversity in genomics requires investment in equitable partnerships and capacity building, Alicia R. Martin, Rocky E. Stroud II, Tamrat Abebe, Dickens Akena, Melkam Alemayehu, Lukoye Atwoli, Sinéad B. Chapman, Katelyn Flowers, Bizu Gelaye, and Stella Gichuru

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Diagnostic utility of red cell indices in relation to serum iron indices for evaluation of iron deficiency in heart failure, Larry Wangai Mburu

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Baseline blood count levels increase odds of cytopenia among CML patients in Kenya: a case control study, Angela McLigeyo, Jamilla Rajab, Peter Oyiro, Mohammed Ezzi, Yatich Bett, Matilda Ong’ondi, Andrew Odhiambo, Sitna Mwanzi, and Nicholas Othieno-Abinya

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Barriers and Facilitators of Availability of Hydroxyurea for Sickle Cell Disease in Tanzania; A Qualitative Study of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers, Importers, and Regulators, Hamu J. Mlyuka, Manase Kilonzi, Ritah F. Mutagonda, Lulu Chirande, Wigilya P. Mikomangwa, David T. Myemba, Godfrey Sambayi, Dorkasi L. Mwakawanga, Joyce Ndunguru, and Paschal Ruggajo

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Barriers and Facilitators of Availability of Hydroxyurea for Sickle Cell Disease in Tanzania; A Qualitative Study of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers, Importers, and Regulators, Hamu J. Mlyuka, Manase Kilonzi, Ritah F. Mutagonda, Lulu Chirande, Wigilya P. Mikomangwa, David T. Myemba, Godfrey Sambayi, Dorkasi L. Mwakawanga, Joyce Ndunguru, and Paschal Ruggajo

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A call for prudent taxation of cannabis corporates to fund mental health programmes, Cyprian Mostert, Jasmit Shah, Lukoye Atwoli, Zul Merali, and Manasi Kumar

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Nasopharyngeal Carriage and Antibiogram of Pneumococcal and Other Bacterial Pathogens from Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Tanzania., Ritah F. Mutagonda, George Bwire, Raphael Zozimus Sangeda, Manase Kilonzi, Hamu Mlyuka, Joyce Ndunguru, Agnes Jonathan, Julie Makani, Irene Kida Minja, and Paschal Ruggajo

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HIV among cancer patients: prevalence and cancer description by HIV status, Diana Wambui Muturi

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Validation of the Kiswahili version of the migraine disability assessment scale in Dar es salaam, Tanzania, Aliasger Nagri

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Bleeding complications in patients on new oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism in Kenya, Antonina Obayo, Mzee Ngunga, Jasmit Shah, Ahmed Sokwala, and Anders Barasa

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Secondhand smoke exposure is independently associated with stroke among non-smoking adults in West Africa, Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Osahon Jeffery Asowata, Adekunle G. Fakunle, Onoja Matthew Akpa, Fred S. Sarfo, Albert Akpalu, Kolawole Wahab, Reginald Obiako, Morenikeji Komolafe, and Philip Adebayo

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Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Kenya: a multicentre cohort study, Loice Achieng Ombajo, Nyamai Mutono, Paul Sudi, Mbuvi Mutua, Mohammed Sood, Alliyy Muhammad Loo, Phoebe Juma, Jackline Odhiambo, Reena Shah, and Frederick Wangai

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Measuring psychological distress using the K10 in Kenya, Linnet Ongeri, Amantia Ametaj, Hannah Kim, Rocky E. Stroud, Charles R. Newton, Symon M. Kariuki, Lukoye Atwoli, Edith Kwobah, and Bizu Gelaye

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Direct-acting antiviral regimens and HCV treatment failure and re-treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, Christopher Opio

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Dysglycemia in patients presenting with stroke and acute coronary syndrome at Aga Khan University hospital, Nairobi, Beverly Yongo Owino

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Research attitudes, practice and literacy among Kenyan palliative care healthcare professionals: an observational, crosssectional online survey, RA Powell, Z Ali, Nancy Gikaara, Qanungo S, ES Melikam, and KB Cartmell

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Choosing Wisely Africa: Insights from the front lines of clinical care, Fidel Rubagumya, Kevin Makori, Hirondina Borges, Sitna Mwanzi, Safiya Karim, Citonje Msadabwe, Nazima Dharsee, Miriam Mutebi, Wilma M. Hopman, and Verna Vanderpuye

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Prevalence, Risk Factors and Short-term Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Women with Obstetric Complications in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania., Paschal Ruggajo, Elizabeth O. Appollo, Puneet K. Bramania, Tumaini B. Basil, Francis F. Furia, and Jonathan W. Mngumi

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Dysglycaemias among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Tanzania., Paschal Ruggajo, Shamsherali E. Noormohamed, Elizabeth T. Msangi, Janet K. Lutale, Francis F. Furia, and Jonathan W. Mngumi

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A pilot phase Ib/II study of whole-lung low dose radiation therapy (LDRT) for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia: First experience from Africa, Mansoor Saleh, Karishma Sharma, Jasmit Shah, Farrok Karsan, Angela Waweru, Martin Musumbi, Reena Shah, Shahin Sayed, Innocent Abayo, Noureen Karimi, Stacey Gondi, Sehrish Rupani, Grace Kirathe, and Heldah Amariati

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Risk Factor Characterization of Ischemic Stroke Subtypes Among West Africans, Fred S. Sarfo, Bruce Ovbiagele, Onoja Akpa, Albert Akpalu, Kolawole Wahab, Reginald Obiako, Morenikeji iKomolafe, Lukman Owolabi, Godwin Ogbole, and Philip Adebayo

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Perceptions and Knowledge towards COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among a Subpopulation of Adults in Kenya: An English Survey at Six Healthcare Facilities, Jasmit Shah, Abdulaziz Mansur Abeid, Karishma Sharma, Soraiya Manji, Jamila Nambafu, Robert Korom, Keya Patel, Rajiv Patel, Reena Shah, and Sayed Karar

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A case for implementation of adult pneumococcal vaccine program in Africa: review and expert opinion, Reena Shah, Catherine Gathu, Eric Njenga, Jeremiah Chakaya, Elijah Ogola, Omondi Oyoo, Andrew Odhiambo, Benjamin Wambugu, and Charles Feldman

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Secondary Infections in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Treated with Tocilizumab Compared to Those Not Treated with Tocilizumab: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya, Reena Shah, Jasmit Shah, Jaimini Gohil, Gunturu Revathi, and Salim Surani

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Demographic, clinical, and co-morbidity characteristics of COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort from a tertiary hospital in Kenya, Reena Shah, Jasmit Shah, Nancy Kunyiha, Sayed Karar, Shahin Sayed, Salim Surani, and Mansoor Saleh

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TOCILIZUMAB IN COVID-19: EAST-AFRICAN EXPERIENCE, Reena Shah, Jasmit Shah, Gunturu Revathi, Jaimini Gohil, Mansoor Shah, and Salim Surani

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Promoting Best Practice in Cancer Care in Sub Saharan Africa, Karishma Sharma, Shahin Sayed, and Mansoor Saleh

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Evaluating Pain Management Practices for Cancer Patients among Health Professionals: A Global Survey, Michael Silbermann, Maria Minerva Calimag, Elon Eisenberg, Boris Futerman, Paz Fernandez-Ortega, Amparo Oliver, Juan P. Yaeger Monje, Ping Guo, Haris Charalambous, and John Weru

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Demographics and baseline disease characteristics of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis from Kenya participating in the CHIMES trial, Dilraj Sokhi, Juzar Hooker, Mitzi J. Williams, Aisleen Shamshudin, Yuashita Hussein, Peter Betti, Heldah Amariati, Noureen Karimi, Stacey Gondi, and Mansoor Saleh

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Perceived Barriers to Peritoneal Dialysis Among Kenyan Nephrologists: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study, Saleem Abdul Karim Sokwala, John Otieno Odhiambo, and Ahmed Sokwala

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The relationships between resilience, care environment, and social-psychological factors in orphaned and separated adolescents in Western Kenya, Sarah C. Sutherland, Harry S. Shannon, David Ayuku, David L. Streiner, Olli Saarela, Lukoye Atwoli, and Paula Braitstein

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Diagnosis of IPF, Pahnwat T. Taweesedt, Kejal Gandhi, Reena Shah, and Salim Surani

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Artificial intelligence and machine learning for early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, Akbar K. Waljee, Eileen M. Weinheimer-Haus, Amina Abubakar, Anthony Ngugi, Geoffrey H. Siwo, Gifty Kwakye, Amit G. Singal, Arvind Rao, Christopher Opio, and Mansoor Saleh

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Challenges in the management of inflammatory bowel disease in sub-Saharan Africa, Gillian Watermeyer, Yaw Awuku, Ernst Fredericks, David Epstein, Mashiko Setshedi, Smita Devani, Wisdom Mudombi, Chris Kassianides, and Leolin Katsidzira

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Inflammatory bowel disease in sub-Saharan Africa: epidemiology, risk factors, and challenges in diagnosis, Gillian Watermeyer, Leolin Katsidzira, Mashiko Setshedi, Smita Devani, Wisdom Mudombi, Chris Kassianides, and Gastroenterology and Hepatology Association of sub-Saharan Africa (GHASSA)

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Chemotherapy basics for family physicians, Anna N. Wilkinson and Nureen Sumar

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Cost Utility of Supporting Family-Based Care to Prevent HIV and Deaths among Orphaned and Separated Children in East Africa: A Markov Model–Based Simulation, Marta Wilson-Barthes, Paula Braitstein, Allison DeLong, David Ayuku, Lukoye Atwoli, Edwin Sang, and Omar Galárraga

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Oxygen Saturation in Primary Teeth of Individuals With Sickle Cell Disease and Sickle Cell Trait, Evarist Mulyahela Wilson, Irene Kida Minja, Agnes Jonathan, Julie Makani, Paschal Ruggajo, Ferdinand Mabula Machibya, and Emmanuel Balandya

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Feasibiity and acceptability of tele-neurology services at a regional tertiary referral centre: a prospective study., Fazal Yakub

Feasibility and acceptability of tele-neurology services at a regional tertiary referral Centre: a prospective study., Fazal A. Yakub

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High Patient Satisfaction and Acceptability of Tele-Neurology Consultations at a Regional Tertiary Referral Hospital in Kenya During the COVID-19 Pandemic (S8.008), Fazal Yakub, Jasmit Shah, and Dilraj Sokhi

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Integrated Multilayer Omics Reveals the Genomic, Proteomic, and Metabolic Influences of Histidyl Dipeptides on the Heart, Keqiang Yan, Zhanlong Mei, Jingjing Zhao, Md Aminul Islam Prodhan, Detlef Obal, Kartik Katragadda, Benjamin Doelling, David Hoetker, and Dheeraj Kumar Posa

Submissions from 2021

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F-wave parameters and body mass index in carpal tunnel syndrome, Philip Adebayo and Rose E. Mwakabatika

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Needle phobia and pain among electrodiagnostic subjects: Preliminary survey, Philip Adebayo and Rose Mwankabatika

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Needle phobia and pain among electrodiagnostic subjects: Preliminary survey, Philip Adebayo and Rose Mwankabatika

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COVID-19 and Teleneurology in Sub-Saharan Africa: Leveraging the Current Exigency, Philip Adebayo, Olusegun John Oluwole, and Funmilola Tolulope Taiwo

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Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity and protect health: Wealthy nations must do much more, much faster, Lukoye Atwoli, Abdullah H. Baqui, Thomas Benfield, Raffaella Bosurgi, Fiona Godlee, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Carlos Augusto Monteiro, and Ian Norman

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Delivering Truly Evidence-Based Mental Health Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: The Dangers of Experimentation, Lukoye Atwoli and Joy Muhia

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Assessment of palliative care needs in a Kenyan intensive care unit based on a trigger-based model., Linda Atero Barasa

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Takayasu arteritis: A rare cause of chronic headache, Linda Barasa, Adil Salyani, Jillo Bika, Fred Otieno, and Dilraj Sokhi

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Assessment of Palliative Care Needs in a Kenyan Intensive Care Unit Using a Trigger-Based Model, Linda Barasa, Jasmit Shah, John Weru, and Sayed Karar

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Intimate partner violence is a barrier to antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV - positive women: Evidence from government facilities in Kenya, Bornice C. Biomndo, Alexander Bergmann, Nils Lahmann, and Lukoye Atwoli

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Association of Care Environment With HIV Incidence and Death Among Orphaned, Separated, and Street-Connected Children and Adolescents in Western Kenya, Paula Braitstein, Allison DeLong, David Ayuku, Mary Ott, Lukoye Atwoli, Omar Galárraga, Edwin Sang, and Joseph Hogan

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Nutritional status of patients on maintenance hemodialysis at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study., Puneet Bramania, Paschal Ruggajo, Rimal Bramania, Muhiddin Mahmoud, and Francis Furia

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“Old people problems”, uncertainty and legitimacy: Challenges with diagnosing Parkinson's disease in Kenya, Natasha Fothergill-Misbah, Richard Walker, Judith Kwasa, Juzar Hooker, and Kate Hampshire

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Effects of Hydroxyurea Treatment on Haemolysis in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania., Azra Gangji; Upendo , Masamu; Josephine Mgaya; Joyce Ndunguru; Agnes Jonathan; Irene K. Minja; Julie Makani; Emmanuel Balandya; Paschal Ruggajo; and Siana Nkya

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Availability of Therapies and Services for Parkinson's Disease in Africa: A Continent-Wide Survey, Eman Hamid, Biniyam A. Ayele, Daniel Gams Massi, Samia Ben Sassi, Houyam Tibar, Emmanuel Epenge Djonga, Sarah Misbah El-Sadig, Wahiba AMER EL KHEDOUD, Julien Razafimahefa, and Juzar Hooker

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Anorectal malformation, associated with colon atresia and intestinal malrotation, a case report, Allyzain Ismail, Lazaro Mboma, Victor Ngotta, and Masawa Nyamuryekung'e

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Auditory neuropathy in patients with features of tropical ataxic neuropathy in Tanzania, Ali F. Jaffer and Philip Adebayo