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History of HIV and AIDS in Kenya: Evolution and Contemporary Issues

Maureen Akolo, Abednego Ongeso, Horatius Musembi, Too Wesley, and Dunstan Achwoka

Kenya is at the cusp of attaining HIV epidemic control. With a four-decade old epidemic, that at its height ravaged the country with devastating effects at all levels, the foreseeable end is indeed a momentous feat. Yet, as we forge into the future, it would be remiss of us to fail to honor the work and lives of all who in some way contributed to the gains that we see today.
The epidemic now calls for a new way of thinking. The challenge is different; and that is to end AIDS as a public health threat sustainably. Written by five authors who served as front line health workers during the height of the HIV epidemic and continue to be involved in the response, this book will appeal to many a reader. Policy makers, educationalists, students, scientists, anthropologists, historians, faith and lay communities will all resonate with the book. By providing a historical chronology of events in Kenya's HIV response, myths and misconceptions, scientific and programmatic advances, the authors provide useful insights into the past, contemporary issues and provide a sneak preview to what the future holds.
5E instructional model: A constructivist approach to teaching & learning

Munira Amirali, Javed Ahmad, Shella Asad, Sadam Hussain, Syed Sardar Hussain, Tahira Jabeen, Tajun Nisa, and Wahid Murad

I taught ‘Curriculum Teaching and Learning’ as one of the master-level courses that enables course participants to broaden their understanding of curriculum models, teaching, learning and assessment approaches. The assignment required participants to choose a topic in their subject area, review relevant literature, and identify challenges faced by teachers and students during teaching and learning that topic.
In addition, course participants were asked to list misconceptions students possess regarding the relevant topics and explore possible solutions and recommendations to address the identified challenges and misconceptions. Thus, the course participants developed learning resources (lesson plans) using the 5E model (Engage, Explore, Explain, Extend or Elaborate, and Evaluate) based on constructivist learning theory to implement the lessons in real classroom settings.
This teacher manual is one of the Curriculum, Teaching and Learning Course Outcomes. It is a valuable resource for subject teachers and educators, offering research-based information on teaching and learning of the selected topics, along with detailed lesson plans for classroom implementation.
This teacher manual includes lesson plans submitted by Javed Ahmad, Sadam Hussain, Sardar Hussain, Shella Asad, Tahira Jabeen, Tajun Nisa, Wahid Murad. I hope that you will find this manual helpful!
First of all I would like to acknowledge Curriculum, Teaching and Learning course participants for developing the lessons following 5E model.
I express my gratitude to Ms Sania Iqbal Siddiqui (Specialist, Aga Khan University Examination Board) for her invaluable editorial insights and meticulous attention to detail that have significantly enhanced the quality of this document.
Finally, I would like to appreciate Ms Sara Faizal for her exceptional efforts in designing and compiling the document ,and ensuring an insightful reading experience for our audience.
You will also find a brief introduction to the 5E model of lesson planning in this document. Following that, you will find the students’ work, which includes a brief literature review on their selected topic, as well as lesson plans for English, Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies. Each lesson plan concludes with activities and references.
Mashru' Istiqlal Misr 1883: min awraq Muhammad Abdu (d 1905) al-Majhulah= مشروع استقلال مصر 1883 من أوراق محمد عبده المجهولة

Walid Ghali and Emad Abu Ghazy
Teaching and teacher education in Pakistan: Historical and contemporary perspectives

Anjum Halai

This book explores teaching and teacher education along the continuum of teachers’ careers within the context of Pakistan. It makes a significant contribution by consolidating historical and contemporary perspectives on teaching and teacher education into one concise volume, grounded in the social, cultural, political, and fiscal landscape of Pakistan—a lower middle-income country. The aim is to provide actionable recommendations for addressing issues within this field in the contemporary, fast-changing world. It argues that to adequately prepare children and youth for a dynamic world, teaching and teacher education must undergo transformation. Teacher education provision needs to be nimble and responsive to new teaching methods and emerging needs for skills development. Teaching must also accommodate the diversity in classrooms resulting from significant demographic shifts, increasing socio-economic divides, persistent gender inequities, conflicts, and disruptive digital technologies, among other factors. Divided into two interconnected sections, the first situates the evolution of teacher education within the global context before shifting focus to Pakistan's historical post-colonial policy landscape as a lower-middle-income country. Finally, it addresses the current context amidst the digital revolution, neo-liberal policies, and privatization. The second section draws upon highly relevant classroom-based research from Pakistan to provide insights into key issues in teaching and their implications for teacher education. Overall, the book offers profound insights applicable to teaching and teacher education in other similar post-colonial lower-middle-income countries.
Fostering environmental sustainability through Early Childhood Education(ECE).

Tahira Jabeen, Fozia Parveen, and Nasima Shakeel
Bachpan aur muqami khail: Khail tehqiq ki aala tareen shakal hai

Yasmeen Mehboob, Bibi Saleema, and Zakir Ahmed

This book delves into the timeless significance of traditional games in childhood and education, illustrating how they shape physical, social, and emotional development. It highlights the unique way these games foster creativity, teamwork, and problem-solving, blending learning with the joy of play. Rooted in cultural heritage, they serve as a bridge between generations, offering more than entertainment—they become tools for holistic growth. By exploring their role in nurturing curious minds and strong communities, this book reveals the lasting impact of traditional games on both childhood experiences and lifelong learning
Towards an engaging and integrated climate change pedagogy

Noor Ul Ain, Fozia Parveen, Nighat Rabbani, and Afsana Shaheen

Note Three years ago, we embarked on a journey to create open and free resources for teachers. We were overwhelmed by the positive response to each of our publications, whether in the form of activity booklets, dictionary, fiction, or early childhood lesson plans.
We were fortunate to receive a grant under the Climate Action Fellowship project from the U.S. Consulate in Peshawar. Initially, the project aimed to create a resource booklet of lessons and activities focused solely on climate change and climate change pedagogy. However, as we progressed, we realized the importance of first meeting with teachers to understand their current knowledge and needs. As a result, the development of the resource book was extended to the latter part of the project.
Now, as we near the end of the fellowship, we are preparing to publish two resource books for teachers, complete with ready-to-implement engagement activities. I would like to extend my gratitude to the U.S. Mission for their generous grant. Through this initiative, we directly engaged 50 incredible teachers from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in a climate action projects. Their work has been truly inspiring, and it will undoubtedly encourage many more in their regions to take similar action. Their input helped us identify common theme sand lessons, which we have addressed by offering additional resources.
This book was primarily led by Miss Noor Ul Ain over several months who was hired using the Tehqeeq and Tarkeeb departmental grant at IED. After the initial draft, the booklet was reviewed by the MPhil bridging class of 2026 at AKU-IED. The entire team then worked collaboratively to add new activities and enrich the content wherever possible. As I arranged the book we added more activities where we felt the need. The booklet has been created using canva education however, we would also like to acknowledge using magic media and other AI tools to create some visuals and for proofreading some of the work.
I hope that educators interested in disaster risk reduction, education in emergencies, and climate change education will find this resource valuable and provide feedback for future improvement.
I am deeply grateful to all the teachers and school systems who continue to incorporate our open resources into their educational packs. We will continue to create more educational resources for them.
Governance and Islam in East Africa: Muslims and the State in Kenya and Tanzania

Farouk Topan, Kai Kresse, Erin E. Stiles, and Hassan Mwakimako

Explores the relationship between Muslim communities and the State in East Africa in political, institutional and legal contexts
- Focuses on the relationship between Muslims and the State in Kenya and Tanzania
- Asks which factors, both within and outside the Muslim community, shape and affect this relationship in contemporary times
- Presents 13 case studies exploring governance issues within and across the categories of politics, institutions and law in Kenya and Tanzania
- Identifies cross-cutting issues of governance and Muslim communities which are relevant beyond East Africa
Recent studies of Muslims in Kenya and Tanzania have tended either to examine governance of Muslims in relation to security issues, or to discuss the reforms attempted within communities and their implications for Muslim theology, rituals and general welfare. Both these approaches are covered in this book, and a third is added – the study of Muslims as citizens or residents of their respective countries, looking at their activities and attitudes in relation to the various challenges they face together with their fellow compatriots and citizens.
Orthopaedic innovations in developing countries

Masood Umer and Haroon Rashid

This book focuses on improving orthopaedic surgery in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Over the last 35 years, orthopaedic surgeons have made multiple innovations locally in Pakistan that have never come to the surface. Many surgeons in our world work in a resource-constrained setting and have to use frugal innovations to work their way out. These are the ground realities of working in a LMIC, which will be shared globally through this book.
Starting from seeing patients in the clinic and to the operating room, very high standards have been set in Pakistan for others to follow and replicate within their own resources. This book will be a narrative of how these innovations were achieved and the way forward considering the resource constraints that are present in low-middle-income countries compared to Western countries.
Global medical education in normal and challenging times

Shabih H. Zaidi, Shahid Hassan, Shoaleh Bigdeli, and Tabassum Zehra

This book is written by several medical educators from developed as well as developing countries based on decades of experience in teaching. The unique experience gained during the COVID-19 pandemic has added new dimensions to the traditional pedagogy, andragogy, and heutagogy, documented here. The salient topics include distance learning, virtual classrooms, virtual workshops on OSCEs, open book exams, micro-learning, micro-credentialing, blended or digitalized curriculum delivery, academic leadership, communication skills, professionalism, telemedicine, bioethics, cyber clinics, artificial intelligence, etc. This book is used as a text or reference book by physicians, teachers, scholars, students, and medical universities for teachers' training, capacity building, and guidance on fundamental pillars of cognitive domains of knowledge, skills, and attitude, as well as factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive skills. It is also a source of guidance in faculty enhancement and toward continued quality improvement in medical education.
Recent Advances in the Neurological and Neurodevelopmental Impact of HIV

Amina Abubakar, Kirsten A. Donald, Jo M. Wilmshurst, and Charles R. Newton

Recent Advances in the Neurological and Neurodevelopmental Impact of HIV brings together world-leading experts in the field of HIV, to provide new and critical insights into HIV treatment and management for children and adolescents. Those infected with HIV are living longer thanks to antiretroviral drugs, and HIV-related neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders therefore require urgent attention, particularly complications which arise from long-term medication use. The authors summarise key findings in these important areas, as well as gaps in research and implications for paediatric HIV work. Readers of Recent Advances in the Neurological and Neurodevelopmental Impact of HIV will discover ways of optimising the neurological health of children and adolescents living with HIV through better care provision and earlier intervention.

⦁ Outlines the important clinical neurological issues facing children and young adults with HIV infection
⦁ Presents up-to-date diagnostic and treatment approaches
⦁ Provides practical clinical strategies to improve the care of children and adolescents with HIV

Recent Advances in the Neurological and Neurodevelopmental Impact of HIV is an essential resource for all clinicians involved in the care of children and adolescents with HIV and their families, including doctors, paediatricians, psychologists, and other health practitioners and researchers.
Bioethics in Pakistan: Local contexts, local cases

Kulsoom Ghias, Murad M. Khan, Kausar S. Khan, and Sameer Nizamuddin

This is a well-researched well-articulated and locally relevant casebook that provides a unique lens essential to finding tangible solutions to pressing ethical issue prevalent in our setting and generating further discourse on ethics in healthcare.
Educational leadership policies and practices: Voices from developing countries

Jan-e-Alam Khaki, Gulab Khan, Mola Dad Shafa, and Sadruddin Bahadur Qutoshi

Educational Leadership Policies and Practices highlights voices from different developing countries that echo the need for sustainable, enabling, and liberating educational leadership that will stimulate ideas and ideals to usher new ways of looking at old problems of educational leadership.
The chapters, largely, are based on original empirical field research, learnings drawn from applied research, and study of organizational learning. In addition, they are based on policy analysis and analytical deconstruction of the mind-boggling nuances of pedagogical, transformational, or transforming leadership theories.
In an area where so little has been written on school and system leaders, Educational Leadership Policies and Practices: Voices from the Developing Countries is a very welcome contribution to the field. The various authors do a great job of portraying how radically different the contexts are for making education progress as leaders. We see the familiar concepts: transformational, moral, pedagogical, capacity building, contingent, mobilizing community, and so on, but the contexts are so different that the findings and lessons generate new ideas about leadership. The six main leadership lessons for less developed countries examined in the final chapter are especially powerful.
Michael Fullan, Professor Emeritus, OISE/University of Toronto, Canada
Migration and Religion

Jonas Otterbeck and Magdalena Nordin
Environmental and climate change dictionary

Fozia Parveen

The idea of creating a dictionary was conceived after AKU-IED launched the climate change and environmental sustainability module in 2022 for parents, teachers, and students. As a follow-up to the launch, under the ismaili civic banner, over 100 teachers and youth educators were oriented about the module. It was realized that several words that we presume teachers would know are not as common in their vocabulary as we had thought, especially considering that head teachers come from diverse background.
Working on the principle of creating more scholarship for climate change education and education for sustainable development, this dictionary was initiated in the environmental education elective course, where students brought words we often used in class together to create a mini-dictionary.
The five green musketeers who stared this project are Zaibunisa Hussain, Noman Ali, Zia Rahman, Hussain Taj, and Munika Issa. They shortlisted all the words and their definitions. Sayem Khaleq, an intern at AKU-IED, aligned the word list. However, Miss Almeera Ali, another intern, worked tirelessly with me to shape it up and put it together for the world to witness, and learn more about it.
We hope that you will receive it with open hearts and appreciate this little effort from my students, and interns.
Feel free to reach out to me at fozia.parveem@aku.edu or follow AKU-IED socials for more details and updates.
Behavioral change communication tool kit to promote hygiene among school children

Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Naseem Hashmani, Tazeen Saeed Ali, and Rozina Karmaliani
Muslim Cultures of the Indian Ocean: Diversity and Pluralism, Past and Present

Stephane Pradines and Farouk Topan

This book examines the role of Muslim communities in the emergence of connections and mobilities across the Indian Ocean World from a longue durée perspective. Spanning the 7th century through the medieval period until the present day, this book aims to move beyond the usual focus on geographical sub-regions to highlight different aspects of interconnectivity in relation to Islam. Analysing textual and material evidence, contributors examine identities and diasporas, manuscripts and literature, as well as vernacular and religious architecture. It aims to explore networks and circulations of peoples, ideas and ideologies, as well as art, culture, religion and heritage. It focuses on global interactions as well as local agencies in context. Highlights the centrality of Muslim cultures in understanding interconnectivity across the Indian Ocean Explores the role of Islam in forming and transforming global interactions and local agencies across the Indian Ocean Offers intra-Muslim perceptions of beliefs, practices and activities, both religious and other Presents 15 case studies across Ethiopia, Gujarat, Java, Kerala, the Malay-Indonesian archipelago, Maldives, Oman, Tanzania, Zanzibar and the Persianate cultural zone.
Volume 10: Muslim cultures of the Indian Ocean : diversity and pluralism, past and present

Stephane Pradines and Farouk Topan

Scholars are increasingly recognising the centrality of the Indian Ocean in the study of Muslim cultures.

This volume explores the expanding and changing roles of these Muslim communities across the Indian Ocean World from the seventh century to the mediaeval period to the present day. The book goes beyond the usual focus on geographical sub-regions to highlight different aspects of interconnectivity in relation to Islam. By analysing textual and material evidence, the fifteen papers in this volume examine identities and diasporas, manuscripts and literature, as well as vernacular and religious architecture. It explores the networks and movements of peoples, ideas and ideologies, as well as art, culture, religion and heritage.

Key Features:
- Highlights the centrality of Muslim cultures in understanding interconnectivity across the Indian Ocean
- Explores the role of Islam in forming and transforming global interactions and local agencies across the Indian Ocean
- Offers intra-Muslim perceptions of beliefs, practices and activities, both religious and other
- Presents 15 case studies across Ethiopia, Gujarat, Java, Kerala, the Malay-Indonesian archipelago, Maldives, Oman, Tanzania, Zanzibar and the Persianate cultural zone
Transforming teaching & learning in higher education: Stories of impact from the Aga Khan University

Jane Rarieya (Ed.), Tashmin Khamis (Ed.), and Lucy Spowart (Ed.)
Negativity in psychoanalysis theory and clinic

Duane Rousselle

Negativity in Psychoanalysis examines the role of negativity in psychoanalytic theory and its application in clinical settings.While theories around negativity and death drive have become routinized within philosophical interpretations of Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis, they often mask an inherent positivity. This volume assembles highly esteemed psychoanalytic theorists and clinicians for an in-depth discussion on the topic. It features comprehensive introductions to Freudian and Lacanian perspectives, alongside contemporary clinical and cultural issues. The book also investigates how psychoanalytic negativity influences and is influenced by social, theological, and philosophical dialogues.This work will prove invaluable for practicing psychoanalysts and those in training, while also appealing to academics and scholars in critical and cultural theory, continental and post-continental philosophy, and sociology, especially those whose research intersects clinical and theoretical traditions.
Post-anarchism and psychoanalysis: seminars on politics and society

Duane Rousselle

"I know Rousselle for years as a very serious theoretician, but now he did something quite unexpected: he collected in a single volume his transcribed live interventions. The effect is nothing less than miraculous: a flow of engaged thinking, an often polemical dialogue, to be read coldly like one reads pure theory. Eternal thought, its deepest insights, transpire in the dynamic of intellectual life and its struggles. Green life and grey theory are thus no longer opposed: theory itself becomes green, part of life. A book that will not just teach you a lot – you will literally enjoy it!" -Slavoj Zizek
"Duane Rousselle’s latest book marks a genuine breakthrough for thinking through the relationship between psychoanalysis and politics. It allows us to grasp how we might think anarchism in terms of psychoanalysis, which marks its singular contribution. Since the book contains writings that were originally spoken, it is not only extremely accessible but also completely engaging. While reading, one has the sense of participating in a fascinating conversation that one hopes will never end. Absolutely not to be missed." -Todd McGowan
"This is a series of interventions from one of the most exciting psychoanalytic thinkers around today. Rousselle has taught us to think about radical politics and psychoanalysis in new and original ways. By bringing these fields of activity and investigation together he illuminates new paths forward while also pointing out the pitfalls and difficulties of revolutionary politics. These lectures are like the seminars of a new Lacan - full of wit, theoretical rigor and brilliant insights. His provocations tantalize us and turn us all into political hysterics. ‘What you want is another Master’? No, what you want is another Rousselle!" -Saul Newman
Critical Care and COVID-19

Salim Surani, Syed Anjum Khan, and Reena Shah

Since its emergence in late 2019, COVID-19 has sparked global catastrophe, taking the lives of millions around the world. This pandemic has deeply challenged the global community across sectors, including health and economics. Constantly evolving information led to millions of publications related to the disease in less than two years, a ground-breaking magnitude in the world of academic. This book “Critical Care & COVID-19” summarizes what we know about COVID-19 as it pertains to epidemiology, pathology, therapeutics, and effects on different organ systems. It also dives into the mental health challenges as a result of COVID-19, the nursing and respiratory therapist journey, and lessons learned from the frontline. This 25-chapter book covers the COVID-19 spectrum and benefits clinicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, pharmacists, and regulators.
Anti-Veiling Campaigns in Turkey: State, Society and Gender in the Early Republic

Sevgi Adak

The veiling and unveiling of women have been controversial issues in Turkey since the late-Ottoman period. It was with the advent of local campaigns against certain veils in the 1930s, however, that women's dress turned into an issue of national mobilisation in which gender norms would be redefined. In this comprehensive analysis of the anti-veiling campaigns in interwar Turkey, Sevgi Adak casts light onto the historical context within which the meanings of veiling and unveiling in Turkey were formed. By shifting the focus from the high politics of the elite to the implementation of state policies, the book situates the anti-veiling campaigns as a space where the Kemalist reforms were negotiated, compromised and resisted by societal actors. Using previously unpublished archival material, Adak reveals the intricacies of the Kemalist modernisation process and provides a nuanced reading of the gender order established in the early republic by looking at the various ways women responded to the anti-veiling campaigns. A major contribution to the literature on the social history of modern Turkey, the book provides a complex analysis of these campaigns which goes beyond a simple binary between liberation and oppression.
Tek Parti Dönemini Yeniden Düşünmek: Devlet, Toplum ve Siyaset

Sevgi Adak and Alexandros Lamprou

Edited volume published in Turkish, focusing on the single-party period in Turkey.

Book description: While the single-party period (1923-1945) is arguably the most studied period in the history of the Republic of Turkey, it is also the most decontextualized, mythologized and politicized one. Although there is a rich academic literature focusing on the period, written from very different perspectives and political positions, this literature largely reflects an elite-centred perspective that prioritizes the state, the policies of the central government and ideological debates.

The point of departure for this edited volume is that the single-party period and the historiography regarding this period should be re-evaluated in the light of new perspectives and questions. The chapters that make up the volume show that single-party Turkey is shaped by much more complex dynamics than revealed by analyses based on dichotomies such as "secular regime vs conservative people" or "centre vs. periphery", which dominate the existing literature. The chapters focus on different aspects of the early Republican period and look at state-society relations and the encounters of state and societal actors at all levels. The volume offers fresh and state of the art research that reveals the divisions and tensions within the state, acknowledges the power of social actors, and takes into account the interactions and negotiations between actors and institutions in both national and transnational contexts. Thus, the book proposes to understand the authoritarian regime of the single-party period by focusing on the daily practices of the state and without ignoring the ambiguities and inconsistencies inherent in the modernisation process.

Contributors: Onur Ada, Sevgi Adak, Umut Azak, Nathalie Clayer, Remzi Çağatay Çakırlar, Fatma Müge Göçek, Yelda Kaya, Didem Kılıçkıran, Kıvanç Kılınç, Alexandros Lamprou, Barış Alp Özden, Emmanuel Szurek.
Teaching license in Pakistan: A white paper 2022

Sajid Ali and Afaq Ahmed