The Department of Paediatrics and Child Health is committed to achieving our vision and mission of a “Children’s Hospital within a Hospital,” building on pillars of quality service improvement, client satisfaction and efficiency. ​​ Over the years, we have steadily grown our highly qualified faculty in order to ensure that quality and personalized training is available to our residents. Our paediatric service facilities at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi provide a fully equipped, modern medical learning environment. Our faculty is well qualified and offer dedicated inpatient and outpatient services at Aga Khan University Hospital in Nairobi with various areas of specialization that include; critical care and emergency medicine, endocrinology and metabolic disorders, neonatology, neurology, hematoncology, respiratory medicine, gastroenterology, nutrition and infectious diseases. Over and above clinical and teaching responsibilities, many members of our faculty engage in research with publications on various topics such as leukemia in children, HIV and epilepsy, neonatal growth parameters as well as drug therapy for children in Africa.

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Submissions from 2015

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Anaemia and blood transfusion in African children presenting to hospital with severe febrile illness., Sarah Kiguli, Kathryn Maitland, Elizabeth C. George, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Robert Opoka, Charles Engoru, Samuel O. Akech, Richard Nyeko, George Mtove, and Hugh Reyburn

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Transfusion and Treatment of severe anaemia in African children (TRACT): a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial., Ayub Mpoya, Sarah Kiguli, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Robert Opoka, Charles Engoru, Macpherson Mallewa, Yami Chimalizeni, Neil Kennedy, Dorothy Kyeyune, and Benjamin Wabwire

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Perceptions of postgraduate trainees on the impact of objective structured clinical examinations on their study behavior and clinical practice., Robert Opoka, Sarah Kiguli, Andrew S. Ssemata, Marjan Govaerts, and Erik W. Driessen

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Caregivers’ knowledge, perceptions and home management practices of fever in children under the age of five years presenting with acute febrile illnesses, Katherine Oyieke

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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Nusrat. A. Said

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Parental Understanding of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Pauline Samia, Kirsten A. Donald, Birgit Schlegel, and Jo M. Wilmshurst

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Oral amoxicillin compared with injectable procaine benzylpenicillin plus gentamicin for treatment of neonates and young infants with fast breathing when referral is not possible: a randomised, open-label, equivalence trial, Antoinette Tshefu, Adrien Lokangaka, Serge Ngaima, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai, Peter Gisore, Adejumoke Idowu Ayede, Adegoke Gbadegesin Falade, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Chineme Henry Anyabolu, Robinson D. Wammanda, Clara L. Ejembi, William N. Ogala, Lu Gram, and Simon Cousens

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Simplified antibiotic regimens compared with injectable procaine benzylpenicillin plus gentamicin for treatment of neonates and young infants with clinical signs of possible serious bacterial infection when referral is not possible: a randomised, open-label, equivalence trial, Antoinette Tshefu, Adrien Lokangaka, Serge Ngaima, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai, Peter Gisore, Adejumoke Idowu Ayede, Adegoke Gbadegesin Falade, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Chineme Henry Anyabolu, Robinson D. Wammanda, Clara L. Ejembi, William N. Ogala, Lu Gram, and Simon Cousens

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Postnatal growth standards for preterm infants: the Preterm Postnatal Follow-up Study of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project, José Villar, Francesca Giuliani, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Enrico Bertino, Eric O. Ohuma, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Fernando C. Barros, Douglas G. Altman, Cesar Victora, Julia A. Noble, Michael G. Gravett, Manorama Purwar, Ruyan Pang, Ann Lambert, Aris T. Papageorghiou, Roseline Ochieng, Yasmin A. Jaffer, and Stephen H. Kennedy

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Cross-sectional survey on prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms at a tertiary care health facility in Nairobi, Susan Wamithi, Roseline Ochieng, Frank Njenga, Samuel Akech, and William Macharia

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Parenting skills and emotional availability: An RCT, Aisha K. Yousafzai, Muneera A. Rasheed, Arjumand Rizvi, Robert Armstrong, and Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

Submissions from 2014

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Prevalence and outcomes of acute kidney injury in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia, Dan Alaro, Bashir Admani, Lucy Wainaina, and Rachel Musoke

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Implementation and evaluation of the Helping Babies Breathe curriculum in three resource limited settings: does Helping Babies Breathe save lives? A study protocol, Akash Bang, Roopa Bellad, Peter Gisore, Patricia Hibberd, Archana Patel, Shivaprasad Goudar, Fabian Esamai, Norman Goco, Sreelatha Meleth, Richard J. Derman, Edward A. Liechty, Elizabeth McClure, Waldemar A. Carlo, and Linda L. Wright

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A year-long caregiver training program to improve neurocognition in preschool Ugandan HIV-exposed children., Michael J. Boivin, Paul Bangirana, Noeline Nakasujja, Connie F. Page, Cilly Shohet, Deborah Givon, Judith K. Bass, Robert Opoka, and Pnina S. Klein

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Vitamin D insufficiency is common in Ugandan children and is associated with severe malaria., Sarah E. Cusick, Robert Opoka, Troy C. Lund, Chandy C. John, and Lynda E. Polgreen

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Pediatric Cerebral Palsy in Africa: Where Are We?, Kirsten A. Donald, Angelina M. Kakooza, Robinson D. Wammanda, Macpherson Mallewa, Pauline Samia, Haydar Babakir, David Bearden, Annette Majnemer, Darcy Fehlings, Michael Shevell, Harry Chugani, and Jo M. Wilmshurst

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Pediatric cerebral palsy in Africa: A systematic review, Kirsten A. Donald, Pauline Samia, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, and David Bearden

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Models of care for orphaned and separated children and upholding children's rights: cross-sectional evidence from western Kenya, Lonnie Embleton, David Ayuku, Allan Kamanda, Lukoye Atwoli, Samuel Ayaya, Rachel Vreeman, Winstone Nyandiko, Peter Gisore, Julius Koech, and Paula Braitstein

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Models of education in medicine, public health, and engineering, Patricia Garcia, Robert Armstrong, and Muhammad H. Zaman

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Racecadotril for the treatment of severe acute watery diarrhoea in children admitted to the Kenyatta National hospital - a randomised double blinded placebo controlled trial, Jaspreet Singh Gharial

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Motivational Interviewing Intervention on Health-Seeking Behaviors of Pregnant Women in Western Kenya, Peter Gisore, Dan Kaseje, Fred Were, and David Ayuku

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Cost effectiveness of responsive stimulation and nutrition interventions on early child development outcomes in Pakistan, Saima Gowani, Aisha K. Yousafzai, Robert Armstrong, and Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

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Performance of point-of-care diagnostics for glucose, lactate, and hemoglobin in the management of severe malaria in a resource-constrained hospital in Uganda., Michael Hawkes, Andrea L. Conroy, Robert Opoka, Sophie Namasopo, W. Conrad Liles, Chandy C. John, and Kevin C. Kain

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Patients with nodding syndrome in Uganda improve with symptomatic treatment: a cross-sectional study., Richard Idro, Hanifa Namusoke, Catherine Abbo, Byamah B. Mutamba, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, Robert Opoka, Abdu K. Musubire, Amos D. Mwaka, and Bernard T. Opar

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Immunization manual for medical and nursing students ''Hepatitis B Disease'', Rose Kamenwa

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Authors’ reply to Southall, Sarah Kiguli, Samuel O. Akech, George Mtove, Robert Opoka, Charles Engoru, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Richard Nyeko, Jennifer Evans, Jane Crawley, and Natalie Prevatt

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WHO guidelines on fluid resuscitation in children: missing the FEAST data., Sarah Kiguli, Samuel O. Akech, George Mtove, Robert Opoka, Charles Engoru, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Richard Nyeko, Jennifer Evans, Jane Crawley, and Natalie Prevatt

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Child road traffic crash injuries at the Red Cross war memorial children’s hospital in Cape Town South Africa in 1992, 2002 and 2012, Isaac Kihurani, Ashley Van Niekerk, and Arjan Bastiaan Van As

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The role of inflammation in contrast-induced nephropathy, Elijah Kwasa, Sudhir Vinayak, and Robert Armstrong

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Procedural pain in neonatal units in Kenya, O'Brien Munyao Kyololo, Bonnie Stevens, Denise Gastaldo, and Peter Gisore

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Question 1: Is the use of plastic bags for thermoregulation in term neonates effective in preventing hypothermia in a low-resource setting?, Marie Lester, Wairimu Kimani, and Peter Cartledge

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Psychosocial factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding among pregnant women on follow up in a tertiary maternity hospital, Cornelia Akinyi Ochola

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Hospital-acquired malnutrition in children in a tertiary care hospital, Del-Rossi Sean Quadros

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Barriers and successes in using village volunteers to improve intake of prenatal micronutrients to improve maternal neonatal health in rural Kenya, B. Rono, Peter Gisore, and J. N. Mangeni

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Comparing contents of outcome measures in cerebral palsy using the International Classification of Functioning (ICF-CY): a systematic review., Veronica Schiariti, Anne F. Klassen, Alarcos Cieza, Karen Sauve, Maureen O'Donnell, Robert Armstrong, and Louise C. Maˆsse

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Toward the development of the International Classification of Functioning Core Sets for children with cerebral palsy: a global expert survey, Veronica Schiariti, Louise C. Masse, Alarcos Cieza, Anne F. Klassen, Karen Sauve, Robert Armstrong, and Maureen O’Donnell

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High plasma erythropoietin levels are associated with prolonged coma duration and increased mortality in children with cerebral malaria., Estela Shabani, Richard Idro, Robert Schmidt, Robert Opoka, Gregory S. Park, Paul Bangirana, Gregory M. Vercellotti, James S. Hodges, John A. Widness, and Chandy C. John

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RANDOMISED DOUBLE BLIND STUDY TO COMPARE EFFECTIVENESS OF HONEY, SALBUTAMOL AND PLACEBO IN TREATMENT OF COUGH IN CHILDREN WITH COMMON COLD, Adil Waris, William Macharia, E. K. Njeru, and F. Essajee

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Newborn health research priorities beyond 2015, Sachiyo Yoshida, Igor Rudan, Joy E. Lawn, Stephen Wall, João Paulo Souza, José Martines, Rajiv Bahl, and Peter Gisore

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Effect of integrated responsive stimulation and nutrition interventions in the Lady Health Worker programme in Pakistan on child development, growth, and health outcomes: a cluster-randomised factorial effectiveness trial, Aisha K. Yousafzai, Muneera A. Rasheed, Arjumand Rizvi, Robert Armstrong, and Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

Submissions from 2013

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The impact of endocrine disruption a consensus statement on the state of the science, A. Bergman, J. J. Heindel, T. Kasten, K. A. Kidd, S. Jobling, M. Neira, R. T. Zoeller, G. Becher, P. Bjerregaard, R. Bornman, I. Brandt, A. Kortenkamp, D. Muir, M-N. B. Drisse, Roseline Ochieng, N. E. Skakkebaek, A. S. Byléhn, T. Iguchi, J. Toppari, and T. J. Woodruff

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Science and policy on endocrine disrupters must not be mixed: a reply to a “common sense” intervention by toxicology journal editors, Åke Bergman, Anna-Maria Andersson, Georg Becher, Martin van den Berg, Bruce Blumberg, Poul Bjerregaard, Carl-Gustaf Bornehag, Riana Bornman, Ingvar Brandt, Jayne V. Brian, Stephanie C. Casey, Paul A. Fowler, Heloise Frouin, Linda C. Giudice, Taisen Iguchi, Ulla Hass, Susan Jobling, Anders Juul, Karen A. Kidd, Andreas Kortenkamp, Monica Lind, Olwenn V. Martin, Derek Muir, Roseline Ochieng, Nicolas Olea, Leif Norrgren, Erik Ropstad, Peter S. Ross, Christina Rudén, Martin Scheringer, Niels Erik Skakkebaek, Olle Söder, Carlos Sonnenschein, Ana Soto, Shanna Swan, Jorma Toppari, Charles R. Tyler, Laura N. Vandenberg, Anne Marie Vinggaard, Karin Wiberg, and R Thomas Zoeller

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Standardisation of neonatal clinical practice, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, F Giuliani, A Haroon, H E. Knight, E Albernaz, M Batra, B Bhat, E Bertino, K McCormick, Roseline Ochieng, V Rajan, P Ruyan, L Cheikh Ismail, and V Paul

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A year-long caregiver training program improves cognition in preschool Ugandan children with human immunodeficiency virus, Michael Boivin, Paul Bangirana, Noeline Nakasujja, Connie Page, Cilly Shohet, Deborah Givon, Judith Bass, Robert Opoka, and Pnina Klein

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Nutritional Status of Orphaned and Separated Children and Adolescents Living in Community and Institutional Environments in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya, Paula Braitstein, Samuel Ayaya, Winstone M. Nyandiko, Allan Kamanda, Julius Koech, Peter Gisore, Lukoye Atwoli, Rachel C. Vreeman, Corey Duefield, and David O. Ayuku

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Implementation of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project in Kenya, Maria Carvalho, Sudhir Vinayak, Roseline Ochieng, V Choksey, N Musee, W Stones, H E. Knight, and L Cheikh Ismail

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Prevalence of acute kidney injury using urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin as an early biomarker in neonates with perinatal asphyxia, Farida Essajee

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Commonly cited incentives in the community implementation of the emergency maternal and newborn care study in western Kenya, Peter Gisore, B. Rono, J. Nekesa-Mangeni, C. Tenge, E. Shipala, H. Mabeya, D. Odhiambo, K. Otieno, S. Bucher, C. Makokha, E. Liechty, and F. Esamai

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Dysregulation of angiopoietin-1 plays a mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria, Sarah J. Higgins, Lisa A. Purcell, Karlee L. Silver, Vanessa Tran, Valerie Crowley, Michael Hawkes, Andrea L. Conroy, Robert Opoka, John G. Hay, Susan E. Quaggin, Gavin Thurston, W Conrad Liles, and Kevin C. Kain

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Nodding syndrome in Ugandan children—clinical features, brain imaging and complications: a case series, Richard Idro, Robert Opoka, Hellen T. Aanyu, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, Theresa Piloya-Were, Hanifa Namusoke, Sarah Bonita Musoke, Joyce Nalugya, Paul Bangirana, and Amos Deogratius Mwaka

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Acute leukemias immunophenotypes at Agakhan University Hospital, Nairobi, B. Kabera, Riyat Malkit, and William Macharia

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Effectiveness of sequential v. standard triple therapy for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children in Nairobi, Kenya, Ahmed Laving, Rose Kamenwa, Shahin Sayed, Andrew Nyerere Kimang'a, and Gunturu Revathi

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Better drug therapy for the children of Africa: current impediments to success and potential strategies for improvement, Stuart M. MacLeod, Janet K. Finch, William Macharia, and Gabriel M. Anabwani

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Exploring mechanisms of excess mortality with early fluid resuscitation: insights from the FEAST trial., Kathryn Maitland, Elizabeth C. George, Jennifer A. Evans, Sarah Kiguli, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Samuel O. Akech, Robert Opoka, Charles Engoru, Richard Nyeko, and George Mtove

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Nutritional status of children admitted for diarrhoeal diseases in a referral hospital in western Kenya, I. Marete, J. Simba, Peter Gisore, C. Tenge, D. Bosire, A. Mwangi, and F. Esamai

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Effect of a voice recognition system on paediatric outpatient medication errors, Angela Nyangore Migowa

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Simplified Regimens for Management of Neonates and Young Infants With Severe Infection When Hospital Admission Is Not Possible, Antoinette Tshef, Adrien Lokangaka, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai, Peter Gisore, Adejumoke Idowu Ayede, Adegoke Gbadegesin Falade, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Chineme Henry Anyabolu, Robinson D. Wammanda, William N. Ogala, Lu Gram, Simon Cousens, Rajiv Bahl, Nigel Rollins, Sachiyo Yoshida, and Shamim Ahmad Qazi

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Treatment of fast breathing in neonates and young infants with oral amoxicillin compared with penicillin-gentamicin combination: study protocol for a randomized, open-label equivalence trial, Antoinette Tshefu, Adrien Lokangaka, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai, Peter Gisore, Adejumoke Idowu Ayed, Adegoke Gbadegesin Falade, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Chineme Henry Anyabolu, Robinson D. Wammanda, William N. Ogala, Lu Gram, Simon Cousens, Rajiv Bahl, Nigel Rollins, Sachiyo Yoshida, and Shamim Ahmed Qaz

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Disclosure of HIV status to children in resource-limited settings: a systematic review, Rachel C. Vreeman, Anna Maria Gramelspacher, Peter Gisore, Michael L. Scanlon, and Winstone M. Nyandiko

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Children With Epilepsy in Africa: Recommendations From the International Child Neurology Association/African Child Neurology Association Workshop, Jo M. Wilmshurst, J. Helen Cross, Charles Newton, Angelina M. Kakooza, Robinson D. Wammanda, Macpherson Mallewa, and Pauline Samia

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Scientific rationale for study design of community-based simplified antibiotic therapy trials in newborns and young infants with clinically diagnosed severe infections or fast breathing in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa., Anita K. M. Zaidi, Abdullah H. Baqui, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Rajiv Bahl, Samir Saha, Adejumoke I. Ayede, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai, Antoinette Kitoto Tshefu, Robinson D. Wammanda, Adegoke G. Falade, Adetanwa Odebiyi, Peter Gisore, Adrien Lokangaka Longombe, William N. Ogala, Shiyam Sundar Tikmani, A. S. M. Nawshad Uddin Ahmed, Steve Wall, Neal Brandes, Daniel E. Roth, and Gary L. Darmstadt

Submissions from 2012

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Antenatal care and the occurrence of Low Birth Weight delivery among women in remote mountainous region of Chitral, Pakistan, Z. Ahmed, S. Khoja, and Suha S. Tirmizi

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Severe malarial anemia is associated with long-term neurocognitive impairment., Paul Bangirana Bangirana, Robert Opoka, Michael J. Boivin, Richard Idro, James S. Hodges, Regilda A. Romero, Elsa Shapiro, and Chandy C. John

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Influence of perceived racial discrimination on health and behaviour of immigrant children in British Columbia, Anne George, Cherylynn Bassani, and Robert Armstrong

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Community based weighing of newborns and use of mobile phones by village elders in rural settings in Kenya: a decentralised approach to health care provision, Peter Gisore, Evelyn Shipala, Kevin Otieno, Betsy Rono, Irene Marete, Constance Tenge, Hillary Mabeya, Sherri Bucher, Janet Moore, Edward Liechty, and Fabian Esamai

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Perspective on Opportunities for Research and Interventions provided by Community Based Health Information System illustrated by the Potential use of Motivational Interviewing Intervention, Peter Gisore, F Were, D. Ayuku, and D. Kaseje

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Toll- like receptor polymorphisms and cerebral malaria: TLR2 Δ22 polymorphism is associated with protection from cerebral malaria in a case control study., Jennifer A. Greene, Nadia Sam-Agudu Sam-Agudu, Chandy C. John, Robert Opoka, Peter A. Zimmerman, and James W. Kazura

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Risks to early childhood health and development in the postconflict transition of northern Uganda, Theresa A. McElroy, Stella Atim, Charles P. Larson, and Robert Armstrong

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Perceived ethnic discrimination and social exclusion: newcomer immigrant children in Canada., Jacqueline Oxman‐Martinez, Anneke J. Rummens, Jacques Moreau, Ye Ri Choi, Morton Beiser, Linda Ogilvie, and Robert Armstrong

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Evidence of Endothelial Activation in Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum Parasitemia and Effect of Blood Group on Levels of von Willebrand Factor in Malaria., Gregory S. Park, Kathleen F. Ireland, Robert Opoka, and Chandy C. John

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Prevalence of Seizures in Children Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Pauline Samia, Reneva Petersen, Kathleen G. Walker, Brian Eley, and Jo M. Wilmshurst

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A qualitative study using traditional community assemblies to investigate community perspectives on informed consent and research participation in western Kenya, Rachel Vreeman, Eunice Kamaara, Allan Kamanda, David Ayuku, Winstone Nyandiko, Lukoye Atwoli, Samuel Ayaya, Peter Gisore, Michael Scanlon, and Paula Braitstein

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Community Perspectives on Research Consent Involving Vulnerable Children in Western Kenya, Rachel Vreeman, Eunice Kamaara, Allan Kamanda, David Ayuku, Winstone Nyandiko, Lukoye Atwoli, Samuel Ayaya, Peter Gisore, Michael Scanlon, and Paula Braitstein

Prevalence and risk indicators for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children at the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Susan Wamithi

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Patient safety in developing countries: retrospective estimation of scale and nature of harm to patients in hospital, R. M. Wilson, P. Michel, S. Olsen, R. W. Gibberd, C. Vincent, R. El-Assady, O. Rasslan, S. Qsous, William Macharia, A. Sahel, S. Whittaker, M. Abdo-Ali, M. Letaief, N. A. Ahmed, A. Abdellatif, and I. Larizgoitia

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Long-term impact of the Kenya postelection crisis on clinic attendance and medication adherence for HIV-infected children in western Kenya, Rachel B. Yoder, Winstone Nyandiko, Rachel Vreeman, Samwel O. Ayaya, Peter Gisore, Paula Braitstein, and Sarah E. Wiehe

Theses/Dissertations from 2011

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Effects of hypo and iso - tonic intravenous maintenance fluids on plasma sodium level in hospitalized children. a double blind randomized clinical trial, Ismail Ahmed

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Survey of “northern” child and maternal health research being conducted in Canada, M. H. George and Robert Armstrong

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Nitric oxide for the adjunctive treatment of severe malaria: hypothesis and rationale., Michael Hawkes, Robert Opoka, Sophie Namasopo, Christopher Miller, Andrea L. Conroy, Lena Serghides, Hani Kim, Nisha Thampi, W. Conrad Liles Conrad Liles, and Chandy C. John

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Inhaled nitric oxide for the adjunctive therapy of severe malaria: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial, Michael Hawkes, Robert Opoka, Sophie Namasopo, Christopher Miller, Kevin E. Thorpe, James V. Lavery, Andrea L. Conroy, W Conrad Liles, Chandy C. John, and Kevin C. Kain

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Mortality after fluid bolus in African children with severe infection., Kathryn Maitland, Sarah Kiguli, Robert Opoka, Charles Engoru, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Samuel O. Akech, Richard Nyeko, George Mtove, Hugh Reyburn, and Bernadette Brent

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The Prevalence and factors associated with nonadherence with ARV treatment and cotrimoxazole preventive therapy among HIV infected adolescents attending out-patient HIV clinics in Kenya, Reson Marima

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Cost analysis of care for children admitted to Kenyatta National Hospital with rotavirus gastroenteritis, Boniface Ombaba Osano, Joseph K. Wang’ombe, Rose Kamenwa, and Dalton Wamalwa

Submissions from 2010

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The global pediatrician: is there such a person, or can there be?, Robert Armstrong

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Predictors of emotional problems and physical aggression among children of Hong Kong Chinese, Mainland Chinese and Filipino immigrants to Canada, Morton Beiser, Hayley Hamilton, Joanna Anneke Rummens, Jacqueline Oxman-Martinez, Linda Ogilvie, Chuck Humphrey, and Robert Armstrong

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A pilot study of the neuropsychological benefits of computerized cognitive rehabilitation in Ugandan children with HIV., Michael J. Boivin; Busman, Rachelle A; Parikh, Sujal M; Paul Bangirana; Connie F. Page; Robert Opoka; and Bruno Giordani

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Adjunctive therapy for cerebral malaria and other severe forms of Plasmodium falciparum malaria., Chandy C. John, Elizabeth Kutamba, Keith Mugarura, and Robert Opoka

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Cutting edge: merocytic dendritic cells break T cell tolerance to beta cell antigens in nonobese diabetic mouse diabetes., Jonathan D. Katz, Jennifer K. Ondr, Robert Opoka, Zacharias Garcia, and Edith M. Janssen

Prevalence of abnormal aminoglycoside trough levels in children with clinically suspected gram negative infections at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Isaac N. Kihurani

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Validation of c-reactive protein in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Kenya., Rashim Kumar, Rachel Musoke, William Macharia, and Gunturu Revathi

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Short term clinical outcome of children with rotavirus infection at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Bonface Osano, Rose Kamenwa, D. Wamalwa, and J. K. Wang'ombe

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Prevalence of urinary tract infections in febrile children and role of urine interleukins in diagnosis, Anne J. Rerimoi

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TLR9 polymorphisms are associated with altered IFN-gamma levels in children with cerebral malaria., Nadia Sam-Agudu, Jennifer A. Greene, Robert Opoka, James W. Kazura, Michael J. Boivin, Peter A. Zimmerman, Melissa A. Riedesel, Tracy L. Bergemann, Lisa A. Schimmenti, and Chandy C. John

Submissions from 2009

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Four-country surveillance of intestinal intussusception and diarrhoea in children, Shally Awasthi, Girdhar Agarwal, Vikas Mishra, Vijay Laxmi Nag, Hesham Fathey El Sayed, Antonio Da Cunha, Alvaro Madeiro, Dipty Jain, William Macharia, James Ndung'u, Saumya Awasthi, and Ashish Wakhlu

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Immediate neuropsychological and behavioral benefits of computerized cognitive rehabilitation in Ugandan pediatric cerebral malaria survivors., Paul Bangirana, Bruno Giordani, Chandy C. John, Connie Page, Robert Opoka, and Michael J. Boivin

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Socioeconomic predictors of cognition in Ugandan children: implications for community interventions., Paul Bangirana; Chandy C. John; ,Richard Idro; Robert Opoka; Justus Byarugaba,; Anne M. Jurek; and Michael J. Boivin

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Reliability of the Luganda version of the Child Behaviour Checklist in measuring behavioural problems after cerebral malaria., Paul Bangirana, Noeline Nakasujja, Bruno Giordani, Robert Opoka, Chandy C. John, and Michael J. Boivin

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Clinico-pathologic characteristics and treatment outcomes in children with neuroblastoma at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi., Grace Kitonyi, William Macharia, Otieno Walter Mwanda, and R. Pamnani

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Serum angiopoietin-1 and -2 levels discriminate cerebral malaria from uncomplicated malaria and predict clinical outcome in African children, Fiona E. Lovegrove, Noppadon Tangpukdee, Robert Opoka, Erin I. Lafferty, Nimerta Rajwans, Michael Hawkes, Srivicha Krudsood, Sornchai Looareesuwan, Chandy C. John, W. Conrad Liles, and Kevin C. Kain

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Outcome and haemato-toxicity of two chemotherapy regimens for childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a Kenyan hospital, William Macharia