Socio-demographic and antenatal risk factors of brain tumor in children and young people: A matched case-control study from Karachi, Pakistan

Authors

Nida Zahid, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Ather Enam, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Faiza Urooj, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Russell Seth Martins, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Thomas Mårtensson, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Andreas Mårtensson, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Naureen Mushtaq, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Faiza Kausar, Aga Khan University
Mariya Moochhala, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Sadaf Altaf, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Salman Kirmani, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Nick Brown, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Document Type

Article

Department

Surgery; Paediatrics and Child Health; Radiation Oncology

Abstract

Background: Brain tumors are a common cause of morbidity, disability, cognitive deterioration and mortality in children, even after treatment. Little is know about the specific causes. The study aimed to assess potential socio-demographic and antenatal factors in primary brain tumor (PBTs) in children and young people (CYP) in Karachi, Pakistan.
Designs and methods: A single center hospital based matched case control study in Karachi, Pakistan. Cases were defined as CYP aged between 5 and 21 years with any histological type and grade of primary brain tumor of any histology, stage or grade. Data were collected from parents of 244 patients at the selected center between 2017 and 2021 via telephonic interview. Controls were 5-21 years old CYP admitted with non-oncological diagnoses matched on age and sex. Matched Odds Ratios for predictors of brain tumor in children were derived. Those of statistical significance were included in a multivariable logistic regression model.
Results: In the adjusted model, lower paternal education (matched adjusted odds ratio (maOR) 2.46; 95% CI 1.09-5.55), higher household monthly income (maOR 3.4; 95% CI 1.1-10.2), antenatal paternal use of addictive substances (maOR 19.5; 95% CI 2.1-179.8), and antenatal maternal use of analgesics during pregnancy (maOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.2-7.9) were all independently predictive of brain tumors.
Conclusion: This matched case-control study found novel associations between maternal use of analgesics, paternal use of addictive substances, higher household income, and lower paternal education and Primary Brain Tumors in Children and Young People. Longitudinal multicenter studies will be required to test these associations prospectively

Comments

Pagination are not provided by the author/publisher.

Publication (Name of Journal)

Journal of Public Health Research

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231197185

Recommended Citation

Zahid, N., Enam, A., Urooj, F., Martins, R. S., Mårtensson, T., Mårtensson, A., Mushtaq, N., Kausar, F., Moochhala, M., Mughal, M. N., Altaf, S., Kirmani, S., Brown, N. (2023). Socio-demographic and antenatal risk factors of brain tumor in children and young people: A matched case-control study from Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of Public Health Research, 12(3).
Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_surg_surg/910