The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) network nested case-cohort study protocol: A multi-omics approach to understanding mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

Authors

James M. Njunge, The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Kenya
Kirkby Tickell, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
Abdoulaye Hama Diallo, University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahi, University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Md Amran Gazi, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
Ali Faisal Saleem, Aga Khan University,Follow
Zaubina Kazi, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Syed Ali, Aga Khan University
Caroline Tigoi, The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network, Kenya
Ezekiel Mupere, Makerere University, Uganda

Document Type

Article

Department

Paediatrics and Child Health

Abstract

Introduction: Many acutely ill children in low- and middle-income settings have a high risk of mortality both during and after hospitalisation despite guideline-based care. Understanding the biological mechanisms underpinning mortality may suggest optimal pathways to target for interventions to further reduce mortality. The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network ( www.chainnnetwork.org) Nested Case-Cohort Study (CNCC) aims to investigate biological mechanisms leading to inpatient and post-discharge mortality through an integrated multi-omic approach.
Methods and analysis; The CNCC comprises a subset of participants from the CHAIN cohort (1278/3101 hospitalised participants, including 350 children who died and 658 survivors, and 270/1140 well community children of similar age and household location) from nine sites in six countries across sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Systemic proteome, metabolome, lipidome, lipopolysaccharides, haemoglobin variants, toxins, pathogens, intestinal microbiome and biomarkers of enteropathy will be determined. Computational systems biology analysis will include machine learning and multivariate predictive modelling with stacked generalization approaches accounting for the different characteristics of each biological modality. This systems approach is anticipated to yield mechanistic insights, show interactions and behaviours of the components of biological entities, and help develop interventions to reduce mortality among acutely ill children.
Ethics and dissemination. The CHAIN Network cohort and CNCC was approved by institutional review boards of all partner sites. Results will be published in open access, peer reviewed scientific journals and presented to academic and policy stakeholders. Data will be made publicly available, including uploading to recognised omics databases.
Trial registration NCT03208725.

Comments

Pagination are not provided by the author/publisher

Publication (Name of Journal)

Gates open research

Recommended Citation

Njunge, J. M., Tickell, K., Diallo, A. H., Shahi, A. S., Gazi, M. A., Saleem, A. F., Kazi, Z., Ali, S., Tigoi, C., Mupere, E. (2022). The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) network nested case-cohort study protocol: A multi-omics approach to understanding mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Gates open research, 6(77).
Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_women_childhealth_paediatr/1249

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.