Accuracy of spontaneous breathing trial using ET-CPAP in predicting successful extubation of neonates

Authors

Azeem Khan, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, PAK.
Vikram Kumar, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, PAK.
Ali Shabbir Hussain, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Erum Choudry, Indus Hospital Research Center, Karachi, PAK.
Muhammad Khalid, The Children's Hospital & The Institute of Child Health, Multan, PAK.
Sheharyar Khan, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, PAK.
Fayaz Ahmed Memon, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Anum Rahim, Indus Hospital Research Center, Karachi, PAK.
Syed Rehan Ali, Indus Hospital Research Center, Karachi, PAK.

Document Type

Article

Department

Paediatrics and Child Health

Abstract

Objective: Extubation failure is common in mechanically ventilated neonates. Finding objective criteria for predicting successful extubation may help to reduce the incidence of failure and the length of mechanical ventilation (MV). We conducted this study to determine the accuracy of the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) and lung function measurements in predicting successful extubation in neonates.
Methodology: This cross-sectional validation study was conducted at a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) over 12 months from December 2019 to December 2020. Neonates intubated for >24 hours and considered ready for extubation were enrolled in the study. Neonates who met defined eligibility criteria underwent a three minutes SBT using endotracheal continuous positive airway pressure (ET-CPAP) before extubation. The primary clinical team was blinded to the results, and all neonates were extubated after SBT. Extubation was considered successful if patients remained extubated for 48 hours.
Results: Among the 107 infants, 77.5% (n=83) of infants passed the SBT. Of these, 78 were successfully extubated, giving the positive predictive value of 93.97%. The overall extubation success rate was 90% (n=96). The sensitivity and specificity of SBT were 81.2% and 54.5%, respectively. VE (ET-CPAP) and VE-ventilator at a cutoff of ≥238 ml and ≥143.7 ml have an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 and 0.75 respectively to predict successful extubation (p-value 0.003, 0.008 respectively).
Conclusion: SBT predicts extubation success with pronounced accuracy. Therefore, we propose SBT as a valuable and crucial step that guides clinicians' decision-making regarding extubation preparedness or impending failure in neonates.

Comments

Pagination are not provided by the author/publisher

Publication (Name of Journal)

Cureus

Recommended Citation

Khan, A., Kumar, V., Hussain, A. S., Choudry, E., Khalid, M., Khan, S., Memon, F. A., Rahim, A., Ali, S. R. (2021). Accuracy of spontaneous breathing trial using ET-CPAP in predicting successful extubation of neonates. Cureus, 13(9), e17711.
Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_women_childhealth_paediatr/1099

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.