The unique ethnicity-specific aspects of burden, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes: Insights from Africa
Document Type
Article
Department
Internal Medicine (East Africa)
Publication (Name of Journal)
Current Diabetes Reports
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-025-01581-7
Recommended Citation
Kunyiha, N.,
Adan, R.,
Ngugi, R.,
Odhiambo, J.,
Sokwalla, S. M.
(2025). The unique ethnicity-specific aspects of burden, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes: Insights from Africa. Current Diabetes Reports, 25(25).
Available at:
https://ecommons.aku.edu/eastafrica_fhs_mc_intern_med/465
COinS
Comments
Purpose of Review: Prediabetes poses a significant risk of developing diabetes and it’s complications. Africa faces specific challenges, hindering early recognition and management of prediabetes. We aimed to understand unique, ethnicity specific aspects of the burden, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes in Africa.
Recent Findings: The rate of progression from prediabetes to diabetes is higher in African, compared to European populations. Prediabetes in Africans is driven mainly by hyperinsulinemia and reduced hepatic clearance causing obesity and insulin resistance, rather than impaired insulin sensitivity. High risk, difficult to reach individuals in lower socioeconomic strata, benefited from community versus facility-based screening. Intensive lifestyle changes with low calorie or low fat-high fiber diet provide longer lasting effect versus drug monotherapy.
Summary: Using structured community-based screening, early detection of prediabetes is achievable, requiring dedicated stakeholder engagement. Further research into the etiology and sequencing of pathogenetic anomalies and preventive strategies in African populations is needed.