Epidemiology and prognostic implications of coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic individuals with prediabetes: A multicohort study
Document Type
Article
Department
Office of the Provost; Cardiology
Abstract
Objective: To describe the epidemiology and prognostic value of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in individuals with prediabetes.
Research design and methods: We pooled participants free of clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) from four prospective cohorts: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, Framingham Heart Study, and Jackson Heart Study. Two definitions were used for prediabetes: inclusive (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] ≥100 to <126 mg/dL and hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] ≥5.7% to <6.5%, if available, and no glucose-lowering medications) and restrictive (FPG ≥110 to <126 mg/dL and HbA1c ≥5.7% to <6.5%, if available, among participants not taking glucose-lowering medications).
Results: The study included 13,376 participants (mean age 58 years; 54% women; 57% White; 27% Black). The proportions with CAC ≥100 were 17%, 22%, and 37% in those with euglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes, respectively. Over a median (25th-75th percentile) follow-up time of 14.6 (interquartile range 7.8-16.4) years, individuals with prediabetes and CAC ≥100 had a higher unadjusted 10-year incidence of ASCVD (13.4%) than the overall group of those with diabetes (10.6%). In adjusted analyses, using the inclusive definition of prediabetes, compared with euglycemia, the hazard ratios (HRs) for ASCVD were 0.79 (95% CI 0.62, 1.01) for prediabetes and CAC 0, 0.70 (0.54, 0.89) for prediabetes and CAC 1-99, 1.54 (1.27, 1.88) for prediabetes and CAC ≥100, and 1.64 (1.39, 1.93) for diabetes. Using the restrictive definition, the HR for ASCVD was 1.63 (1.29, 2.06) for prediabetes and CAC ≥100.
Conclusions: CAC ≥100 is frequent among individuals with prediabetes and identifies a high ASCVD risk subgroup in which the adjusted ASCVD risk is similar to that in individuals with diabetes.
Publication (Name of Journal)
Diabetes Care
DOI
10.2337/dc23-1864
Recommended Citation
Rifai, M. A.,
Al-Mallah, M. H.,
Blaha, M. J.,
Patel, J.,
McEvoy, J. W.,
Nasir, K.,
Shahid, I.,
Patel, K. v.,
Sharma, G.,
Virani, S. S.
(2024). Epidemiology and prognostic implications of coronary artery calcium in asymptomatic individuals with prediabetes: A multicohort study. Diabetes Care, 47(4), 698-706.
Available at:
https://ecommons.aku.edu/provost_office/519