Impact of depiction of brown adipose tissue (bat) in baseline FDG PET/CT on progression-Free survival in lymphoma patients

Document Type

Article

Department

Medical College Pakistan; Radiology

Abstract

Introduction: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity seen on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) has been increasingly recognized as a potential biomarker in various cancers, including lymphomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between posttreatment survival outcomes and BAT activity depicted in baseline FDG PET/CT scans in lymphoma patients.
Material and method: This retrospective study was conducted at the PET/CT Section of the Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan (2019-2025). The study was granted exemption by the Ethical Review Committee (2024-10630-31016). Patients with lymphoma (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's; HL; NHL) whose baseline FDG PET/CT revealed BAT activation were selected. FDG PET/CT scan was acquired using a standardized protocol adopted from the European Association of Nuclear Medicine Guidelines (2015). These patients were followed for a mean of 03 years (range 15-36 months) for survival outcome (progression-free survival; PFS).
Results: During the study period, 259 patients with lymphomas (96 HL and 163 HL) who had baseline FDG PET/CT were selected. The cohort included 75% males (n = 194) and 25% females (n = 65), with a median age of 58 years (range: 03-80). BAT activation was identified in 27% of patients (n = 69). A significant association was observed between BAT activation and higher 3-year PFS, with activated BAT patients achieving a survival rate of 78% compared to 58% in those without activation (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Lymphoma patients with activated BAT depicted in their baseline FDG PET/CTs showed longer progression-free survival than those without. This study also emphasizes the need for further evaluation of BAT's role in metabolism, tumor microenvironment, and long-term prognosis in patients with lymphomas.

Publication (Name of Journal)

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention

DOI

10.31557/APJCP.2026.27.6.2061

Share

COinS