Outcome of risk adapted therapy for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children

Authors

Asim Belgaumi, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFollow
Amal Al-Seraihy, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Khawar S. Siddiqui, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Mouhab Ayas, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Asem Bukhari, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abdulrahman Al-Musa, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ali Al-Ahmari, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Hassan El-Solh, King Fahd National Center for Children's Cancer, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Document Type

Article

Department

Haematology/Oncology

Abstract

Results of second-line therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remain suboptimal, particularly for high-risk groups identified using timing and site of relapse. We report results of prospectively collected data for pediatric patients with ALL who received risk adjusted second-line therapy. The 59 patients who failed first-line ALL therapy included 36 (61%) with bone marrow (BM), 13 (22.1%) with isolated extramedullary (EM) and 10 (16.9%) with BM + EM relapse. Some 51.8% patients were reinduced with high dose cytosine arabinoside (HDAraC)-based and 48.2% with standard four-drug regimens. In all, 38/56 (67.9%) achieved a complete remission (CR) with second-line therapy; the overall CR rate was 78.6% and was not associated with CR1 duration (p =0.8). Three-year overall survival (OS) was 45.3%, and was 61.4% for those achieving a CR. No risk group benefited from HSCT over chemotherapy. Patients with isolated EM relapse beyond 18 months of CR1 and BM relapse beyond 12 months off-therapy had an excellent outcome (OS 91.7%), identifying a particularly good-risk cohort. Patients not in this category continue with poor outcome even following hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Comments

This work was published before the author joined Aga Khan University

Publication (Name of Journal)

Leukemia & Lymphoma

Recommended Citation

Belgaumi, A., Al-Seraihy, A., Siddiqui, K. S., Ayas, M., Bukhari, A., Al-Musa, A., Al-Ahmari, A., El-Solh, H. (2013). Outcome of risk adapted therapy for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 54(3), 547-554.
Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_med_haematol_oncol/132