683 Cost effectiveness of reducing CLABSI in the limited resource setting of developing countries

Authors

Asad Latif, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United StatesFollow
Hashir Majid, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Syed Faisal Mahmood, Aga Khan UniversityFollow
Peter Pronovost, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States
David Dowdy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States

Document Type

Presentation

Department

Anaesthesia

Abstract

Introduction: A recent meta-analysis by the World Health Organization estimated that the rate of central-line associated blood stream infections (CLABSIs) among adult ICU patients in developing countries was 12.2 per 1000 central line days which is 2-3 fold higher than in developed countries, and account for a crude unadjusted excess mortality of 15% to 24%. This burden is not only unacceptably high, but for the most part remains unaddressed. Excellent evidence exists for CLABSI rate reduction, like the bundled initiative by Pronovost et al. that utilized five steps to significantly reduce the incidence of CLABSIs. We will evaluate the cost effectiveness of implementing the bundled care approach published by Pronovost et al for CLABSI prevention, and compare it to the scenario of not utilizing it at baseline.
Methods: We performed a cost-effectiveness evaluation using a decision tree analysis with the TreeAge software. The intervention was considered to be the implementation of a bundled intervention to reduce CLABSI, and was compared to the baseline of not applying it. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed using a Monte Carlo simulation of 10,000 patients. Distributions were created for several parameters including total costs, total effects and probability of developing a CLABSI with and without the bundle intervention.
Results: Patients in the baseline group who expire from a CLABSI were found to incur costs of $3531, while those who survive cost $4136 per patient. By comparison at baseline, ICU patients without CLABSI who are discharged cost $1502 and those who expire in the ICU cost $1199. With bundle implementation, patients who die from CLABSI were found to cost $3609 while those that survive having a CLABSI $4214. With the bundled intervention, average patients discharged from the ICU cost $1579 and those who die cost $1277. As a group, regardless of intervention, patient who died from a CLABSI lost 21.89 DALYS, while patients who survived a CLABSI lost 6.8 DALYs. By contrast, the average ICU survivor who did not experience a CLABSI lost 1.38 DALYs, while those who died lost 21.91 DALYs. The baseline cost-effectiveness analysis results show that implementing the bundled intervention as modeled was more expensive by $43.65 for the overall ICU stay of the average patient, but saved 0.14 DALY per patient with a central line. For these estimates, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio come out to $301.57 per DALY averted, well under the cost-effectiveness acceptability threshold of twice the capital gross national income of most low- and middle-income countries.
Conclusions: This analysis provides evidence that implementation of a bundled approach to reduction of CLABSI can be both effective and cost-effective across limited resource settings such as those found in developing countries.

Comments

This work was published before the author joined Aga Khan University.

Publication (Name of Journal)

Critical Care Medicine

Recommended Citation

Latif, A., Majid, H., Mahmood, S., Pronovost, P., Dowdy, D. (2013). 683 Cost effectiveness of reducing CLABSI in the limited resource setting of developing countries. Critical Care Medicine, 41(12), A168-A168.
Available at: https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_anaesth/492