Date of Award

10-13-2025

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

MSc in Nursing

First Advisor

Dr. Naghma Rizvi

Second Advisor

Fauzia Basaria Hasnani

Third Advisor

Laila Akber Cassum

Department

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most prevalent cause of major congenital anomalies globally, accounting for a significant public health concerns. It is a growing concern not only in Pakistan, but worldwide, with increasing cases due to congenital and acquired heart conditions. Nurses are an integral part in the process of enhancing quality of life by emphasizing the need for lifelong self-care for children with CHD, Effective nursing care, rooted in competency and up-to-date knowledge is critical to managing these cases.
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the knowledge gap and evaluate the competency levels (knowledge, attitude and practice) of nurses caring for children with CHD in private hospital in Karachi Pakistan, to recommend targeted interventions to improve the quality of nursing care.
Methodology: This research employed A cross-sectional analytical study design was used and 60 study participants were recruited in the study from a private tertiary care hospital, the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) Karachi, Pakistan. Data collection was scheduled to take place from June 15th, 2025, to August 15th, 2025. The data were gathered from participants using non probability purposive sampling. Data was collected through a structured online questionnaire composed of four parts: demographics characteristics, knowledge dimension, attitude dimension, and practice dimension. The data was analysed by using SPSS 22 for the results therefore, Mean and standard deviation summarized descriptive statistics, independent t test , ANOVA test and Chi square test applied, while Pearson correlation analysis was computed.
Results: The study founds Most participants demonstrated a moderately high level of knowledge (mean = 37.85 ± 3.6); possible range (28-46), positive attitudes (mean = 28.75 ± 2.8); possible range (21-35), and good practice levels (mean = 34.91 ± 5.6); possible range (21-45), although practice scores showed greater variability. Respectively, A significant positive correlations were found between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.351, p < 0.01), Additionally, a strong and statistically significant positive correlation was observed between attitudes and practices (r = 0.862, p < 0.01), Meanwhile, the correlation between knowledge and practice was negative and not statistically significant (r = -0.166). Demographic factors, including gender, age, and training, showed minimal influence on KAP levels, with working area (p< 0.001), being the only variable significantly associated with attitude, with higher scores in the Pediatric Ward (30.29 ± 2.31) and Special Care Unit (30.20 ± 2.58) compared to other areas. Conclusion To conclude the findings of this study, the only statistically significant difference was found in the working area (p>< 0.001), with higher scores in the Pediatric Ward and Special Care Unit compared to other areas. A significant Correlation analysis revealed a moderate positive link between knowledge and attitude, and a strong positive association between attitude and practice, while no significant relationship was found between knowledge and practice. These results underscore the importance of fostering both knowledge and attitude to improve pediatric < 0.001), being the only variable significantly associated with attitude, with higher scores in the Pediatric Ward (30.29 ± 2.31) and Special Care Unit (30.20 ± 2.58) compared to other areas.
Conclusion: To conclude the findings of this study, the only statistically significant difference was found in the working area (p< 0.001), with higher scores in the Pediatric Ward and Special Care Unit compared to other areas. A significant Correlation analysis revealed a moderate positive link between knowledge and attitude, and a strong positive association between attitude and practice, while no significant relationship was found between knowledge and practice. These results underscore the importance of fostering both knowledge and attitude to improve pediatric < 0.001), with higher scores in the Pediatric Ward and Special Care Unit compared to other areas. A significant Correlation analysis revealed a moderate positive link between knowledge and attitude, and a strong positive association between attitude and practice, while no significant relationship was found between knowledge and practice. These results underscore the importance of fostering both knowledge and attitude to improve pediatric nurses' practices in CHD care.

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Last Page

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