Date of Award

12-2021

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

MS in Epidemiology & Biostatistics

First Advisor

Dr. Shafquat Rozi

Second Advisor

Dr. Sobiya Sawani

Third Advisor

Dr. Asma Ahmed

Department

Community Health Sciences

Abstract

Background: Diabetes empowerment is important for diabetic control since it can help postpone the onset of problems and increase the quality of life for patients.
Aims: This study was aimed to find the association of medication adherence, self-care behaviors, and diabetes knowledge with Diabetes empowerment among patients with type Ⅱ diabetes.
Methodology: A cross-sectional research was done on 451 type II diabetes patients attending Endocrinology clinics at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Following informed consent, data was collected electronically using a structured questionnaire comprising of tools to measure Diabetes empowerment, medication adherence, self-care behaviors, diabetes knowledge, and socioeconomic scale. Health-related information was gathered from medical records. Means and standard deviations were computed for all continuous variables. For all categorical variables, frequency and percentages were recorded. Multiple linear regression was applied, β coefficients including 95% C.I. was reported for significant associations.
Results: The mean Diabetes Empowerment score was 3.62 (SD=0.31) of patients. The average age of the participants was 56.68 (SD=11.76). 53.88% were females, 42.79% spoke Urdu, 80.71% were married, and 66.30% were upper-middle class. Diabetes lasts 11.7 years on average (SD=7.89). HbA1c values were higher than 7 in 63.41%, and 77.56% were obese patients. Around 82.86% of patients were adhered to medications and had no barriers to adherence. The mean of general diet was 6.26 (SD=1.52), the special diet was 4.16 (SD=0.93), exercise was 1.66 (SD=1.84), blood glucose monitoring was 4.81 (SD=2.28), and foot care were 6.49 (SD=1.71) maintained the in last seven days. Among patients, 5.10% were smokers and 96.67% of participants had adequate knowledge related to diabetes. Diabetes empowerment was significantly association with medication adherence (β= -0.067, P= 0.063), general diet (β= 0.039, P< 0.001), special diet (β= 0.037, P=0.004), foot care (β= -0.023, P=0.032), diabetes knowledge (β= 0.188, P=0.023), age (β= 0.003, P=0.017), marital status (divorced or widowed β= -0.183, P=0.014), and socioeconomic status (lower middle β= 0.097, P=0.038) using regression analysis.
Conclusion: In this research, diabetes empowerment was found to be associated with medication adherence, self-care behaviors, and diabetes knowledge. For better clinical outcomes, strategies to enhance empowerment among patients with Diabetes should be utilized as an adjunct to routine care.

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1

Last Page

110

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