Date of Award

12-10-2020

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

MS in Epidemiology & Biostatistics

First Advisor

Dr Romaina Iqbal

Second Advisor

Dr Rehana Siddiqui

Third Advisor

Mr Iqbal Azam

Department

Community Health Sciences

Abstract

Introduction
At present, developing countries are dealing with a double burden of diet-related diseases of over and undernutrition. Dietary assessment through cost-effective and easy to administered tool is important in preventing and managing diet-related diseases.
Objective To develop, validate, and assess an electronic application's user feasibility for collecting dietary data from adults in Karachi (FoodEapp) by unskilled data collectors with no formal nutrition education against dietitian administered 24HR dietary recall.
Method A mixed-method study was conducted on the adult population (n-360) in Gadap town and Karachi university's residential colony. A novel tool was designed for non-nutritionist unskilled data collectors to collect 24-Hour (24HR) dietary recalls (DRs) using FoodEapp. A validation study of FoodEapp against the conventional dietitian-administered 24HR recall method was conducted. For feasibility assessment, in-depth interviews were conducted with the data collectors of this study and the researchers interested in nutritional data collection. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the participants. Mean nutritive values were compared of the total intake of the total energy(kcal), protein(g), total lipids(g), Carbohydrates(g), Calcium(mg), iron(mg) and Vitamin C(mg) recorded by the FoodEapp and the conventional dietitian-administered 24HR. Pearson's Correlation coefficients with p-values were computed between the two methods. Bland–Altman analysis was also conducted to assess the agreement between the two methods. The interviews were transcribed, coded, and thematic analysis was carried out for assessing the feasibility of using the application.
Results In correlation coefficient, energy(kcal) (r= 0.83; p< 0.001), protein(g)(r=0.50;p >0.999), total lipids(g) (r=0.68; p< 0.001), carbohydrate(g) (r =0.78; p>< 0.001), calcium(mg) (r=0.66; E - 519905 7 p>< 0.001), iron(mg) (r=0.62; p=0.001) and vitamin C(mg) (r=0.56;p = 0.0113) showed moderate to high correlation for different food ingredients by the two methods. Qualitative findings suggest that the FoodEapp is feasible to collect dietary data in the adult population. Conclusions A FoodEapp has been developed and validated and found to be feasible for assessing the dietary intake of the adults residing in Karachi, Pakistan. Hence, the development of FoodEapp may help to overcome the limitation of dietary data collection.>< 0.001), iron (mg) (r=0.62; p=0.001) and vitamin C (mg) (r=0.56;p = 0.0113) showed moderate to high correlation for different food ingredients by the two methods. Qualitative findings suggest that the FoodEapp is feasible to collect dietary data in the adult population.
Conclusions A FoodEapp has been developed and validated and found to be feasible for assessing the dietary intake of the adults residing in Karachi, Pakistan. Hence, the development of FoodEapp may help to overcome the limitation of dietary data collection.

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