Spatial Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) Concentration in Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Collected from Local Vegetable Markets of Uttarakhand State, India
Document Type
Article
Department
Faculty of Arts and Sciences
Abstract
The results revealed that A. bisporus contained all eight selected PTE in all sampling locations. Based on the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation, principal component (PC), and hierarchical cluster (HC) analyses, the areas with a plane geographical distribution showed the highest PTE concentrations in the A. bisporus samples as compared to those in hilly areas. Overall, the decreasing order of PTE concentration in A. bisporus was recognized as Fe > Zn > Mn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd > Pb. The Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA tests displayed a highly significant (p < 0.05) difference among the sampling locations. However, the concentration of PTE was below permissible limits, indicating no potential hazard in consuming the A. bisporus. Similarly, the health risk assessment studies using the target hazard quotient (THQ) also showed no significant health risk associated with the consumption of A. bisporus being sold in the local mushroom markets of Uttarakhand, India. This study is the first report on state-level monitoring of PTE in A. bisporus mushrooms, which provides crucial information regarding the monitoring and occurrence of potentially toxic metallic elements.
Publication (Name of Journal)
J. Fungi
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8050452
Recommended Citation
Adelodun, B.,
Kumar, P.,
Kumar, V.,
Eid, E. M.,
AL-Huqail, A. A.,
Fayssal, S. A.,
Goala, M.,
Arya, A. K.,
Bachheti, A.,
Andabaka, Ž.
(2022). Spatial Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) Concentration in Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Collected from Local Vegetable Markets of Uttarakhand State, India. J. Fungi, 8(5), 452.
Available at:
https://ecommons.aku.edu/acer/102
Comments
This work was published before the author joined Aga Khan University.