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Document Type

Review Article

Abstract

Neurological deterioration after acute ischemic stroke (AIS)is a common occurrence, leading to increased mortality, morbidity, and poor quality of life among stroke survivors. Recognition of the individuals at a greater risk for neurological deterioration may contribute to making early decisions and monitoring the therapy. Neurological deterioration arises in up to 40% of subjects after AIS during hospitalization and is followed by neurological and functional debility. Numerous predictors have been devised that predict this progression. This includes preliminary assessment of the severity of stroke, brainstem infarction, hyperglycemia, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus and substantial fluctuations in blood pressure. Sequential observations, in depth analysis, and skilled professionals in specific stroke centers are crucial in early recognition, prevention and management of neurological deterioration in AIS patients. Recent advancements in the neurological and vascular imaging have contributed to providing a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, though several questions remain unanswered. There is an immense need to evaluate the risk of neurological deterioration after AIS. This concise review summarizes the published data and highlights the causes, mechanisms and the risk factors that influence the incidence of neurological deterioration in patients with AIS.

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