Title
Associations of unprocessed and processed meat intake with mortality and cardiovascular disease in 21 countries [Prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study]: A prospective cohort study
Document Type
Article
Department
Community Health Sciences; Diabetes/Endocrinology and Metabolism
Abstract
Background: Dietary guidelines recommend limiting red meat intake because it is a major source of medium- and long-chain SFAs and is presumed to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence of an association between unprocessed red meat intake and CVD is inconsistent.
Objective: The study aimed to assess the association of unprocessed red meat, poultry, and processed meat intake with mortality and major CVD.
Methods: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study is a cohort of 134,297 individuals enrolled from 21 low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Food intake was recorded using country-specific validated FFQs. The primary outcomes were total mortality and major CVD. HRs were estimated using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts.
Results: In the PURE study, during 9.5 y of follow-up, we recorded 7789 deaths and 6976 CVD events. Higher unprocessed red meat intake (≥250 g/wk vs. /wk) was not significantly associated with total mortality (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.85, 1.02; P-trend = 0.14) or major CVD (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.11; P-trend = 0.72). Similarly, no association was observed between poultry intake and health outcomes. Higher intake of processed meat (≥150 g/wk vs. 0 g/wk) was associated with higher risk of total mortality (HR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.10; P-trend = 0.009) and major CVD (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.98; P-trend = 0.004).
Conclusions: In a large multinational prospective study, we did not find significant associations between unprocessed red meat and poultry intake and mortality or major CVD. Conversely, a higher intake of processed meat was associated with a higher risk of mortality and major CVD.
Publication ( Name of Journal)
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Recommended Citation
Iqbal, R.,
Dehghan, M.,
Mente, A.,
Rangarajan, S.,
Wielgosz, A.,
Avezum, A.,
Seron, P.,
AlHabib, K. F.,
Lopez-Jaramillo, P.,
Swaminathan, S.
(2021). Associations of unprocessed and processed meat intake with mortality and cardiovascular disease in 21 countries [Prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study]: A prospective cohort study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, nqaa448.
Available at:
https://ecommons.aku.edu/pakistan_fhs_mc_chs_chs/867
Comments
Volume, issue, and pagination are not provided by the author/publisher