Date of Award

12-2023

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Health Policy and Management

First Advisor

Dr Tazeen Saeed Ali

Second Advisor

Dr Uzma Shamsi

Third Advisor

Dr Farhan Raza Khan

Department

Community Health Sciences

Abstract

Background Oral cancer (OC) is a disease which has uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the structures of the oral cavity. In Pakistan over 75% of the oral cancer patients first present to healthcare facilities when the cancer is at T3 or T4 level therefore detection of OC at an early stage, not only increases the five-year survival rates from 50% to over 80% but also reduces the overall treatment costs and improves quality of life.
Methodology This study is a descriptive exploratory research design involving qualitative data collection by the help of semi structured interview, including four separate interview guide. Participants were recruited by purposive sampling techniques including Policy Makers, Healthcare Practitioners and Patients. The study was conducted in two tertiary care hospitals of Karachi. Interviews were audio recorded in English or Urdu Language after which it was translated and transcribed. Data was analyzed by framework and content analysis, further triangulated with field notes and document reviews for bringing rigor to the study findings.
Results The findings revealed four main themes around the research question of the study. First two themes address the first research question and the last two answer the second research question. First theme identifies the growing concerns within the health system for provision of oral cancer screening (OCS) and the second elaborates the behavioural and cultural influences imposing the need of oral cancer screening. The third theme establishes the strategic initiatives to improve oral cancer screening services in health system of Karachi and the fourth is formulating policies directed towards increasing coverage of OCS services.
Conclusion and Recommendations This research concludes that there is lack for a comprehensive OCS program and mass media awareness which are essential for promoting oral cancer screening (OCS). Strengthening GP practices and task shifting to increase accessibility are recommended. Integrating OCS into primary healthcare (PHC) by formulating relevant policies to increase its coverage will alleviate the burden on the health system. Capacity building for dental specialists, emphasizing education and career prospects within PHC, is crucial for future success of this service.

Download

Share

COinS